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<p>The growth performance, physiological efficiency, and yield stability of six sugarcane varieties were assessed at two different climatic zones to identify a common variety adaptable to diverse agro-climatic regions of India. A pooled analysis of three years of field data from two contrasting locations indicated that key biometric traits such as tiller production, leaf area, plant height, biomass, and its partitioning efficiency were strongly associated with yield variations across environments. Across both environments, endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) levels were greater in sub-tropical varieties, suggesting a stronger inherent tolerance to abiotic stresses, whereas gibberellic acid (GA<sub>3</sub>) concentrations were higher in tropical varieties, promoting internodal elongation and enhanced stem growth under warmer tropical conditions. Within the tropical group, varieties Co 14012, Co 11015, and Co 13006 exhibited superior biochemical profiles, while Co 15027, Co 98014, and Co 15023 were prominent among the sub-tropical group. Under tropical conditions, Co 86032, Co 14012, and Co 11015 (tropical group) and Co 98014 and Co 15027 (sub-tropical group) produced higher numbers of millable canes (NMC), greater single cane weight (SCW), and increased cane length and thickness, resulting in improved yield performance. Likewise, under sub-tropical conditions, Co 15027, Co 0238, and Co 15023 (sub-tropical group), together with Co 14012 and Co 13006 (tropical group), recorded superior yield attributes. The genotype × environment (G × E) interaction analysis identified Co 14012 and Co 98014 as stable, high-performing varieties with adaptability to both tropical and sub-tropical conditions. Among them, Co 14012 demonstrated greater morpho-physiological efficiency, yield potential, and juice quality. The consistent findings from hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis (PCA) further confirm the reliability of these multivariate tools in distinguishing varietal similarities and trait associations across contrasting environments.</p>

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Climate Zone-Based Physiological Profiling of Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) Varieties

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月19日

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  • R. Gomathi,
  • D. Pooja,
  • R. Arun Kumar,
  • V. Krishna Priya,
  • K. Elayaraja,
  • G. Aswathy,
  • Vinayaka,
  • G. Hemaprabha

摘要

The growth performance, physiological efficiency, and yield stability of six sugarcane varieties were assessed at two different climatic zones to identify a common variety adaptable to diverse agro-climatic regions of India. A pooled analysis of three years of field data from two contrasting locations indicated that key biometric traits such as tiller production, leaf area, plant height, biomass, and its partitioning efficiency were strongly associated with yield variations across environments. Across both environments, endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) levels were greater in sub-tropical varieties, suggesting a stronger inherent tolerance to abiotic stresses, whereas gibberellic acid (GA3) concentrations were higher in tropical varieties, promoting internodal elongation and enhanced stem growth under warmer tropical conditions. Within the tropical group, varieties Co 14012, Co 11015, and Co 13006 exhibited superior biochemical profiles, while Co 15027, Co 98014, and Co 15023 were prominent among the sub-tropical group. Under tropical conditions, Co 86032, Co 14012, and Co 11015 (tropical group) and Co 98014 and Co 15027 (sub-tropical group) produced higher numbers of millable canes (NMC), greater single cane weight (SCW), and increased cane length and thickness, resulting in improved yield performance. Likewise, under sub-tropical conditions, Co 15027, Co 0238, and Co 15023 (sub-tropical group), together with Co 14012 and Co 13006 (tropical group), recorded superior yield attributes. The genotype × environment (G × E) interaction analysis identified Co 14012 and Co 98014 as stable, high-performing varieties with adaptability to both tropical and sub-tropical conditions. Among them, Co 14012 demonstrated greater morpho-physiological efficiency, yield potential, and juice quality. The consistent findings from hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis (PCA) further confirm the reliability of these multivariate tools in distinguishing varietal similarities and trait associations across contrasting environments.