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<p>The current study evaluated the combine effects of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and plant growth regulators (PGRs) on sugarcane morphogenesis using thin cell layers (TCLs) of young leaf sheaths of sugarcane. A single-factor factorial design with multiple replications was applied on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with varying concentrations of MWCNTs (1–20&#xa0;mg/L) and PGRs like 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D), naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), benzyl amino purine (BAP), and Kinetin (Kn). The TCL explants were culture under controlled condition; callus formation in the dark followed by regeneration under a 16/8&#xa0;h light/dark photoperiod. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess the significance of treatment effects, followed by Tukey’s HSD post hoc test for multiple comparisons. The results showed that MWCNTs-fortified media in addition to 2.0&#xa0;mg/L 2,4-D significantly enhanced the morphogenic response with 99.6% callus induction and markedly higher biomass [fresh (643.3 ± 0.9&#xa0;mg) and dry mass (591.9 ± 0.8&#xa0;mg)]. In the regeneration phase, MWCNTs in 15.0&#xa0;mg/L with BAP (2.0&#xa0;mg/L) and NAA (0.2&#xa0;mg/L) produced maximum shoots (42.6 ± 0.8) and longest shoot (21.1 ± 0.4&#xa0;cm). Similarly, NAA in 1–4&#xa0;mg/L and MWCNTs in 5–20&#xa0;mg/L were employed for rhizogenesis. Maximum roots per explant (39.3 ± 0.8) with greatest length (7.66 ± 0.1&#xa0;cm) were observed on 20.0&#xa0;mg/L of MWCNTs in addition to 3.0&#xa0;mg/L NAA. These findings demonstrate that MWCNTs act as potent enhancers of in vitro morphogenesis of sugarcane and open a new window to optimize the different input variables for in vitro regeneration of economically important crops.</p>

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Synergistic Effects of Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes and Plant Growth Regulators on In Vitro Morphogenesis of Sugarcane (Saccharum spp. L.)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月18日

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  • Aneela Iqbal,
  • Raham Sher Khan,
  • Karim Gul,
  • Muhammad Aizaz,
  • Mohammad Tahir,
  • Hazir Rahman,
  • Douglas Law,
  • Ayaz Ahmad

摘要

The current study evaluated the combine effects of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and plant growth regulators (PGRs) on sugarcane morphogenesis using thin cell layers (TCLs) of young leaf sheaths of sugarcane. A single-factor factorial design with multiple replications was applied on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with varying concentrations of MWCNTs (1–20 mg/L) and PGRs like 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D), naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), benzyl amino purine (BAP), and Kinetin (Kn). The TCL explants were culture under controlled condition; callus formation in the dark followed by regeneration under a 16/8 h light/dark photoperiod. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess the significance of treatment effects, followed by Tukey’s HSD post hoc test for multiple comparisons. The results showed that MWCNTs-fortified media in addition to 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D significantly enhanced the morphogenic response with 99.6% callus induction and markedly higher biomass [fresh (643.3 ± 0.9 mg) and dry mass (591.9 ± 0.8 mg)]. In the regeneration phase, MWCNTs in 15.0 mg/L with BAP (2.0 mg/L) and NAA (0.2 mg/L) produced maximum shoots (42.6 ± 0.8) and longest shoot (21.1 ± 0.4 cm). Similarly, NAA in 1–4 mg/L and MWCNTs in 5–20 mg/L were employed for rhizogenesis. Maximum roots per explant (39.3 ± 0.8) with greatest length (7.66 ± 0.1 cm) were observed on 20.0 mg/L of MWCNTs in addition to 3.0 mg/L NAA. These findings demonstrate that MWCNTs act as potent enhancers of in vitro morphogenesis of sugarcane and open a new window to optimize the different input variables for in vitro regeneration of economically important crops.