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<p>Guangxi is China’s largest province for sugarcane and sugar production. In China, sugarcane is predominantly grown through monocropping. Most sugarcane fields have undergone over 30&#xa0;years of continuous cultivation and long-term chemical fertilization, which has resulted in severe soil degradation. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi play a vital role in promoting plant nutrient absorption, enhancing plant stress resistance, and improving soil fertility. However, AM fungi are highly susceptible to influences from cultivation practices especially chemical fertilization in agricultural ecosystems. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of different chemical fertilization rates on the AM fungal communities in the rhizosphere soil of ratoon sugarcane, to provide a theoretical basis for further utilizing AM fungi to improve sugarcane yield and soil nutrient utilization. In this study, two sugarcane varieties, GT58 and GT29, were used as the experimental materials under four different chemical fertilization rates of a compound fertilizer: A (0.0&#xa0;kg/ha), B (562.5&#xa0;kg/ha with N 95.6&#xa0;kg/ha, P 39.4&#xa0;kg/ha, K 95.6&#xa0;kg/ha), C (1125.0&#xa0;kg/ha with N 191.3&#xa0;kg/ha, P 78.8&#xa0;kg/ha, K 191.3&#xa0;kg/ha), and D (2250.0&#xa0;kg/ha with N 382.5&#xa0;kg/ha, P 157.5&#xa0;kg/ha, K 382.5&#xa0;kg/ha). The results show that chemical fertilizer application tended to improve the cane yield with the fertilizer application rate, and the effect was statistically significant in&#xa0;C and D treatments for GT58 as compared with control. High chemical fertilization caused soil acidification and phosphorus accumulation. Compared to no fertilizer control, the soil pH in the rhizosphere of GT29 and GT58 was significantly decreased from 4.79 and 4.68 to 4.29 and 4.32, respectively, while available phosphorus content increased significantly from 16.43 and 9.11&#xa0;mg/kg to 32.13 and 30.69&#xa0;mg/kg, respectively, under high chemical fertilization condition. Increased chemical fertilization also inhibited the mycorrhizal colonization in roots of sugarcane to varying degrees. The dominant genera in the AM fungal communities in the rhizosphere soil of both varieties was <i>Glomus</i>. However, the sensitivity of the AM fungal communities to the rates of chemical fertilization differed between sugarcane varieties, with GT29 being more stable. The <i>α</i> diversity in rhizosphere soil of GT29 showed no significant change, whereas that of GT58 showed a significant decrease under high chemical fertilization condition. In conclusion, high chemical fertilization reduced the <i>α</i> diversity of AM fungal communities in the rhizosphere soil, causing soil degradation, while moderate chemical fertilization is beneficial to the sustainable sugarcane production.</p>

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Different Chemical Fertilization Levels Affect Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Communities in Rhizosphere Soils of Ratoon Sugarcane

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月24日

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  • Xiao-Juan Qin,
  • Sheng Wang,
  • Ying-Jie Nong,
  • Yi-Hao Kang,
  • Jin-Lian Zhang,
  • Shi-Yuan Zeng,
  • Ting-Su Chen,
  • Yang-Rui Li

摘要

Guangxi is China’s largest province for sugarcane and sugar production. In China, sugarcane is predominantly grown through monocropping. Most sugarcane fields have undergone over 30 years of continuous cultivation and long-term chemical fertilization, which has resulted in severe soil degradation. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi play a vital role in promoting plant nutrient absorption, enhancing plant stress resistance, and improving soil fertility. However, AM fungi are highly susceptible to influences from cultivation practices especially chemical fertilization in agricultural ecosystems. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of different chemical fertilization rates on the AM fungal communities in the rhizosphere soil of ratoon sugarcane, to provide a theoretical basis for further utilizing AM fungi to improve sugarcane yield and soil nutrient utilization. In this study, two sugarcane varieties, GT58 and GT29, were used as the experimental materials under four different chemical fertilization rates of a compound fertilizer: A (0.0 kg/ha), B (562.5 kg/ha with N 95.6 kg/ha, P 39.4 kg/ha, K 95.6 kg/ha), C (1125.0 kg/ha with N 191.3 kg/ha, P 78.8 kg/ha, K 191.3 kg/ha), and D (2250.0 kg/ha with N 382.5 kg/ha, P 157.5 kg/ha, K 382.5 kg/ha). The results show that chemical fertilizer application tended to improve the cane yield with the fertilizer application rate, and the effect was statistically significant in C and D treatments for GT58 as compared with control. High chemical fertilization caused soil acidification and phosphorus accumulation. Compared to no fertilizer control, the soil pH in the rhizosphere of GT29 and GT58 was significantly decreased from 4.79 and 4.68 to 4.29 and 4.32, respectively, while available phosphorus content increased significantly from 16.43 and 9.11 mg/kg to 32.13 and 30.69 mg/kg, respectively, under high chemical fertilization condition. Increased chemical fertilization also inhibited the mycorrhizal colonization in roots of sugarcane to varying degrees. The dominant genera in the AM fungal communities in the rhizosphere soil of both varieties was Glomus. However, the sensitivity of the AM fungal communities to the rates of chemical fertilization differed between sugarcane varieties, with GT29 being more stable. The α diversity in rhizosphere soil of GT29 showed no significant change, whereas that of GT58 showed a significant decrease under high chemical fertilization condition. In conclusion, high chemical fertilization reduced the α diversity of AM fungal communities in the rhizosphere soil, causing soil degradation, while moderate chemical fertilization is beneficial to the sustainable sugarcane production.