<p>In today’s economy, pricing strategies and environmentally friendly practices become progressively interconnected and essential for business success. This research aims to explore how different strategies influence optimal decisions in a two-period closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) where demand depends on both the product’s price and its green level. The proposed CLSC consists of one manufacturer and one retailer. In the forward channel, the manufacturer sells products to consumers through a conventional retail channel, while in the reverse channel, used goods are collected and returned to the manufacturer for remanufacturing. To maximize profits, both parties employ two decision-making strategies: pre-announcing and dynamic (responsive) approaches. Additionally, two specific scenarios are analyzed where the manufacturer sells exclusively non-green products or only green products during the second period. The analysis reveals that the pre-announcing strategy yields higher profit with lower selling price, while the dynamic strategy results in a higher green level for the product. Furthermore, while the retailer’s profit, the overall supply chain profit, and the product return rate all increase when the supply chain shifts from green to non-green products, the manufacturer favors focusing on green products in order to maximize his own profit.</p>

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Strategic pricing and green improvement in a two-period closed-loop supply chain

  • G. Santra,
  • T. Maiti,
  • B. C. Giri

摘要

In today’s economy, pricing strategies and environmentally friendly practices become progressively interconnected and essential for business success. This research aims to explore how different strategies influence optimal decisions in a two-period closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) where demand depends on both the product’s price and its green level. The proposed CLSC consists of one manufacturer and one retailer. In the forward channel, the manufacturer sells products to consumers through a conventional retail channel, while in the reverse channel, used goods are collected and returned to the manufacturer for remanufacturing. To maximize profits, both parties employ two decision-making strategies: pre-announcing and dynamic (responsive) approaches. Additionally, two specific scenarios are analyzed where the manufacturer sells exclusively non-green products or only green products during the second period. The analysis reveals that the pre-announcing strategy yields higher profit with lower selling price, while the dynamic strategy results in a higher green level for the product. Furthermore, while the retailer’s profit, the overall supply chain profit, and the product return rate all increase when the supply chain shifts from green to non-green products, the manufacturer favors focusing on green products in order to maximize his own profit.