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<p>Research suggests that transgender and gender-diverse (T&amp;GD) adolescents experience lower levels of well-being than their cisgender peers. Schools can play an important role in addressing this issue by creating safe spaces for T&amp;GD youth that support and celebrate gender diversity. The current population-based study investigated differences in mental well-being among T&amp;GD and cisgender adolescents and explored potential promotive factors for T&amp;GD adolescent mental well-being. We used data from 23,415 early adolescents who completed the Middle Years Development Instrument survey in the 2022–23 academic year. ANCOVA models were used to examine differences in satisfaction with life and depressive symptoms between genders. Linear regression models were used to examine associations between promotive factors and well-being outcomes for T&amp;GD and cisgender youth. Models controlled for socioeconomic status and age. Four percent of adolescents identified as T&amp;GD. There were significant gender differences in well-being with indicators lowest for T&amp;GD youth, followed by cis girls, followed by cis boys, with significant differences between all three groups. Regression models indicated that school belonging and connection to adults and peers were associated with higher well-being for cisgender and T&amp;GD adolescents. T&amp;GD adolescents reported lower levels of well-being than cisgender peers in this population-based sample. Connectedness to school, adults, and peers were associated with higher levels of well-being for all adolescents. Connectedness to school was the most important factor for promoting T&amp;GD adolescents’ well-being. The findings emphasize the importance of creating school environments where T&amp;GD adolescents experience support and belonging.</p>

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Promotive Factors and Mental Well-Being Among Transgender and Gender-Diverse Adolescents: A Population-Based Study in British Columbia, Canada

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月21日

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  • Maram Alkawaja,
  • Tonje M. Molyneux,
  • Martin Guhn,
  • Anne Gadermann,
  • Barry Forer,
  • Anusha Kassam,
  • Chiaki Konishi,
  • Eva Oberle

摘要

Research suggests that transgender and gender-diverse (T&GD) adolescents experience lower levels of well-being than their cisgender peers. Schools can play an important role in addressing this issue by creating safe spaces for T&GD youth that support and celebrate gender diversity. The current population-based study investigated differences in mental well-being among T&GD and cisgender adolescents and explored potential promotive factors for T&GD adolescent mental well-being. We used data from 23,415 early adolescents who completed the Middle Years Development Instrument survey in the 2022–23 academic year. ANCOVA models were used to examine differences in satisfaction with life and depressive symptoms between genders. Linear regression models were used to examine associations between promotive factors and well-being outcomes for T&GD and cisgender youth. Models controlled for socioeconomic status and age. Four percent of adolescents identified as T&GD. There were significant gender differences in well-being with indicators lowest for T&GD youth, followed by cis girls, followed by cis boys, with significant differences between all three groups. Regression models indicated that school belonging and connection to adults and peers were associated with higher well-being for cisgender and T&GD adolescents. T&GD adolescents reported lower levels of well-being than cisgender peers in this population-based sample. Connectedness to school, adults, and peers were associated with higher levels of well-being for all adolescents. Connectedness to school was the most important factor for promoting T&GD adolescents’ well-being. The findings emphasize the importance of creating school environments where T&GD adolescents experience support and belonging.