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<p>Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the <i>BCR::ABL1</i> rearrangement, usually diagnosed by data of peripheral blood, bone marrow cytology, cytogenetics, and the detection of the <i>BCR:ABL1</i> rearrangement. An accurate diagnosis, including the precise phase of the disease, is essential to guide appropriate treatment. We present the case of a patient admitted at our Institution with the hypothesis of CML in chronic phase, based on clinical and bone marrow cytological findings. Bone marrow biopsy showed some areas with morphologic features of CML in chronic phase but also sheets of B lymphoblasts, compatible with lymphoid blast crisis. Flow cytometry detected 1.18% of lymphoblasts. This report clearly illustrates the importance of the examination of bone marrow by several techniques. It highlights the importance of the biopsy in recognizing anomalous immunomorphological patterns, which can lead to diagnostic and therapeutic changes in CML.</p>

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The importance of bone marrow biopsy for chronic myeloid leukemia classification—a case report

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月26日

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  • Natália Vital Gonçalves,
  • Herton Luiz Alves Sales Filho,
  • João Paulo Cabral de Magalhães Gomes,
  • Guilherme Brasil Duffles Amarante,
  • Gislaine Borba de Oliveira,
  • Irene Lorand-Metze,
  • Kátia Borgia Barbosa Pagnano,
  • Guilherme Rossi Assis-Mendonça

摘要

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the BCR::ABL1 rearrangement, usually diagnosed by data of peripheral blood, bone marrow cytology, cytogenetics, and the detection of the BCR:ABL1 rearrangement. An accurate diagnosis, including the precise phase of the disease, is essential to guide appropriate treatment. We present the case of a patient admitted at our Institution with the hypothesis of CML in chronic phase, based on clinical and bone marrow cytological findings. Bone marrow biopsy showed some areas with morphologic features of CML in chronic phase but also sheets of B lymphoblasts, compatible with lymphoid blast crisis. Flow cytometry detected 1.18% of lymphoblasts. This report clearly illustrates the importance of the examination of bone marrow by several techniques. It highlights the importance of the biopsy in recognizing anomalous immunomorphological patterns, which can lead to diagnostic and therapeutic changes in CML.