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<p>Soil salinity severely constrains crop growth, development, and yield. Introducing salt-tolerance genes from halophytes into conventional crops has emerged as a promising strategy. Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenases (BADHs), which are key enzymes in glycine betaine (GB) biosynthesis, have been shown to enhance salt tolerance when overexpressed in diverse plants. However, the functional roles of BADHs from the halophilic sugar beet (<i>Beta vulgaris</i> L.) remain inadequately characterized. In this study, we identified nine <i>BvBADHs</i> through bioinformatic analysis. Examination of their promoter regions revealed multiple <i>cis</i>-acting elements responsive to abiotic stresses, and qPCR assays confirmed that their expression was significantly up-regulated under salt stress. Heterologous overexpression of <i>BvBADH1</i> in tobacco conferred enhanced salt tolerance, as reflected by elongated roots, increased chlorophyll content and fresh weight. Physiological analyses indicated that <i>BvBADH1</i> overexpression substantially enhanced GB biosynthesis and indirectly stimulated proline (Pro) accumulation under salt stress. Consequently, this activation reinforced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging system, alleviated oxidative damage, and ultimately improved plant adaptability to salt conditions. Collectively, our findings underscore the critical contribution of <i>BvBADH1</i> to plant salt stress tolerance and highlight its potential as a valuable genetic resource for improving crop resilience.</p>

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Expression of Beta vulgaris betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (BvBADH1) confers salt tolerance in tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月9日

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  • Ming Wei,
  • Xiang-Yu Chen,
  • Meng-Li Li,
  • Hao Li,
  • Xin-Rui Wu,
  • Guo-Qiang Wu

摘要

Soil salinity severely constrains crop growth, development, and yield. Introducing salt-tolerance genes from halophytes into conventional crops has emerged as a promising strategy. Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenases (BADHs), which are key enzymes in glycine betaine (GB) biosynthesis, have been shown to enhance salt tolerance when overexpressed in diverse plants. However, the functional roles of BADHs from the halophilic sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) remain inadequately characterized. In this study, we identified nine BvBADHs through bioinformatic analysis. Examination of their promoter regions revealed multiple cis-acting elements responsive to abiotic stresses, and qPCR assays confirmed that their expression was significantly up-regulated under salt stress. Heterologous overexpression of BvBADH1 in tobacco conferred enhanced salt tolerance, as reflected by elongated roots, increased chlorophyll content and fresh weight. Physiological analyses indicated that BvBADH1 overexpression substantially enhanced GB biosynthesis and indirectly stimulated proline (Pro) accumulation under salt stress. Consequently, this activation reinforced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging system, alleviated oxidative damage, and ultimately improved plant adaptability to salt conditions. Collectively, our findings underscore the critical contribution of BvBADH1 to plant salt stress tolerance and highlight its potential as a valuable genetic resource for improving crop resilience.