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<p>The sludge discharged from distilleries is known for potential health risks due to containing organic pollutants with mutagenic and Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) properties. The study examined the comparative phytoremediation efficacy of two potential plant species, i.e., <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. and <i>Eleusine indica</i> L., growing on sugarcane treacle-based distillery sludge, a major source of complex organometallic pollutants. The fresh sludge analysis showed high concentrations of Iron (2356.4  ± 0.181&#xa0;mg&#xa0;kg<sup>−1</sup>), Copper (856.76 ± 0.022&#xa0;mg&#xa0;kg<sup>−1</sup>) Manganese (198.32 ± 0.010&#xa0;mg&#xa0;kg<sup>−1</sup>) Magnesium (342.8 ± 0.462&#xa0;mg&#xa0;kg<sup>−1</sup>) Calcium (359.7  ± 0.617&#xa0;mg&#xa0;kg<sup>−1</sup>) with other physicochemical parameters. Further, the analysis of fresh sludge through GC–MS technique revealed the presence of Thiopene, 2-butyloctanol, Cyclodecasiloxane, Silane, Callitrisic acid, etc. The sludge obtained succeeding the growth of <i>C. sativa</i> and <i>E. indica</i> showed a reduction in physicochemical parameters. GC–MS analysis also confirmed the disappearance of some organic compounds. The potential bacterial species identified for significant Plant Growth Promoting attributes were <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> (PP963487), <i>Bacillus cereus</i> (PP963486), <i>Burkholderia cepacia</i> (PP962515) in case of <i>C. sativa,</i> and <i>Pseudomonas putida</i> (PP956925), <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (PP956913), <i>Achromobacter denitrificans</i> (PP956932) in case of <i>E. indica,</i> using 16S rRNA sequencing. The research findings revealed that<i>,&#xa0;C. sativa</i> was found more efficient than <i>E. indica</i> in contaminant degradation and metal accumulation. The findings underscore the intricate role of <i>C. sativa</i> and <i>E. indica</i> and their culturable rhizobacteria during the remediation of distillery sludge-contaminated sites. This has given strong evidence of the bacterial-assisted phytoremediation process as a green technology for the eco-restoration of polluted sites for sustainable development.</p>

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A comparative study of Cannabis sativa L. and Eleusine indica L. and their culturable rhizospheric bacterial communities in mitigating complex organometallic pollutants of distillery sludge for eco-restoration

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月11日

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  • Mohd. Zobair Iqbal,
  • Pratishtha Sharma,
  • Kshitij Singh,
  • Ram Chandra

摘要

The sludge discharged from distilleries is known for potential health risks due to containing organic pollutants with mutagenic and Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) properties. The study examined the comparative phytoremediation efficacy of two potential plant species, i.e., Cannabis sativa L. and Eleusine indica L., growing on sugarcane treacle-based distillery sludge, a major source of complex organometallic pollutants. The fresh sludge analysis showed high concentrations of Iron (2356.4  ± 0.181 mg kg−1), Copper (856.76 ± 0.022 mg kg−1) Manganese (198.32 ± 0.010 mg kg−1) Magnesium (342.8 ± 0.462 mg kg−1) Calcium (359.7  ± 0.617 mg kg−1) with other physicochemical parameters. Further, the analysis of fresh sludge through GC–MS technique revealed the presence of Thiopene, 2-butyloctanol, Cyclodecasiloxane, Silane, Callitrisic acid, etc. The sludge obtained succeeding the growth of C. sativa and E. indica showed a reduction in physicochemical parameters. GC–MS analysis also confirmed the disappearance of some organic compounds. The potential bacterial species identified for significant Plant Growth Promoting attributes were Bacillus thuringiensis (PP963487), Bacillus cereus (PP963486), Burkholderia cepacia (PP962515) in case of C. sativa, and Pseudomonas putida (PP956925), Bacillus subtilis (PP956913), Achromobacter denitrificans (PP956932) in case of E. indica, using 16S rRNA sequencing. The research findings revealed that, C. sativa was found more efficient than E. indica in contaminant degradation and metal accumulation. The findings underscore the intricate role of C. sativa and E. indica and their culturable rhizobacteria during the remediation of distillery sludge-contaminated sites. This has given strong evidence of the bacterial-assisted phytoremediation process as a green technology for the eco-restoration of polluted sites for sustainable development.