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<p>In this study, a finite element simulation strategy was developed to analyze the green tire building process, with the goal of identifying existing defects and guiding the refinement of process parameters. The mechanical behaviors of uncured rubber in various tire components were investigated through cyclic loading and unloading experiments conducted at two different strain rates. A viscoelastic constitutive model was adopted to describe the nonlinear elasticity and hysteresis effects of uncured rubber under large deformation. Then the finite element models including a two-dimensional (2D) axisymmetric model for lamination step and a three-dimensional (3D) model for the remaining building steps were constructed to simulate the whole process. The green tire cross-section profile obtained from simulation is in good agreement with the actual one obtained through 3D scanning, thereby verifying the reliability of the simulation. Additionally, the deflection angle of cords was simulated and verified through green tire cutting experiments. Finally, factors affecting cord deflection were identified, including an intrinsic factor (radial displacement) and an extrinsic factor (deflection angles of nearby cords). Two improvement measures, reducing the radial displacement of cords and the influence from nearby cords, were proposed to reduce the misalignment of the carcass cords, and the effectiveness of measures was validated by simulation.</p>

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Finite element simulation of green tire building process and its application in cord defect optimization

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月9日

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  • Jian Wu,
  • Yinlong Wang,
  • Kunhang Zou,
  • Yushan Zhao,
  • Yang Wang,
  • Ziran Li

摘要

In this study, a finite element simulation strategy was developed to analyze the green tire building process, with the goal of identifying existing defects and guiding the refinement of process parameters. The mechanical behaviors of uncured rubber in various tire components were investigated through cyclic loading and unloading experiments conducted at two different strain rates. A viscoelastic constitutive model was adopted to describe the nonlinear elasticity and hysteresis effects of uncured rubber under large deformation. Then the finite element models including a two-dimensional (2D) axisymmetric model for lamination step and a three-dimensional (3D) model for the remaining building steps were constructed to simulate the whole process. The green tire cross-section profile obtained from simulation is in good agreement with the actual one obtained through 3D scanning, thereby verifying the reliability of the simulation. Additionally, the deflection angle of cords was simulated and verified through green tire cutting experiments. Finally, factors affecting cord deflection were identified, including an intrinsic factor (radial displacement) and an extrinsic factor (deflection angles of nearby cords). Two improvement measures, reducing the radial displacement of cords and the influence from nearby cords, were proposed to reduce the misalignment of the carcass cords, and the effectiveness of measures was validated by simulation.