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<p>Cardiac tamponade is a rare but serious complication of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). While dasatinib is more frequently associated with serosal inflammation, imatinib-induced tamponade remains an uncommon clinical event.&#xa0;A 31-year-old woman with chronic phase CML on long-term imatinib therapy presented with symptoms of cardiac tamponade. Pericardiocentesis revealed exudative lymphocyte-predominant effusion, with negative infectious and malignant workup. Imatinib was discontinued, leading to complete clinical resolution. She was later initiated on nilotinib with no recurrence and sustained deep molecular remission.&#xa0;This case underscores the importance of recognizing imatinib-induced serosal complications. Prompt drug discontinuation and substitution with a second-generation TKI can lead to complete resolution while preserving disease control.</p>

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Imatinib-Induced Cardiac Tamponade in a Chronic Phase CML Patient: A Rare and Reversible Complication

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月10日

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  • Mehak Trehan,
  • Abhinav Sengupta,
  • Homdutt Sharma,
  • Jasmita Dass,
  • Pradeep Kumar,
  • Satyavir Yadav,
  • Mukul Aggarwal

摘要

Cardiac tamponade is a rare but serious complication of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). While dasatinib is more frequently associated with serosal inflammation, imatinib-induced tamponade remains an uncommon clinical event. A 31-year-old woman with chronic phase CML on long-term imatinib therapy presented with symptoms of cardiac tamponade. Pericardiocentesis revealed exudative lymphocyte-predominant effusion, with negative infectious and malignant workup. Imatinib was discontinued, leading to complete clinical resolution. She was later initiated on nilotinib with no recurrence and sustained deep molecular remission. This case underscores the importance of recognizing imatinib-induced serosal complications. Prompt drug discontinuation and substitution with a second-generation TKI can lead to complete resolution while preserving disease control.