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<p>Worldwide, iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a health concern, especially in developing countries. More information is still needed to determine the ideal iron dosage. The hepcidin-ferroportin axis is considered the key player in controlling iron homeostasis. We aimed to study the influence of a low dose of iron therapy on managing iron deficiency anemia in children with special emphasis on hepcidin and hepcidin gene expression. A clinical study was conducted on 160 children having iron deficiency anemia, aged 5–14 years old and 80 healthy age &amp; sex matched controls. Children having iron deficiency received oral iron treatment (10&#xa0;mg/day) for eight weeks, in the form of ferric ammonium citrate. The effects of iron therapy on hepcidin, hepcidin gene expression fold, and other parameters of iron metabolism were evaluated after 4 and 8 weeks of therapy. After 4 weeks of iron therapy, a significant improvement was noticed in the mean values of serum iron from 43.12 ± 14.6 to 71.43 ± 17.5 ug/dl (<i>p</i> = 0.01), ferritin from 21.99 ± 11.01 to 63.100 ± 11.8 ng/ml (<i>p</i> = 0.001), ferroportin from 4.22 ± 1.5 to 10.47 ± 4.5 ng/ml (<i>p</i> = 0.01), hepcidin from 252.62 ± 146.6 to 417.79 ± 104.4 pg/ml (<i>p</i> = 0.02), hepcidin gene expression fold from 1.14 ± 0.2 to 1.75 ± 0.3 (<i>p</i> = 0.001). After 8 weeks of iron therapy, the mean value of Hb level started to improve significantly from 10.14 ± 1.6 to 11.45 ± 0.9 gm/dl (<i>p</i> = 0.01), and transferrin saturation% from 13.4 ± 3.06% to 22.29 ± 2.3% (<i>p</i> = 0.001). Body iron stores improved significantly but did not reach the normal level. Significantly elevated hepcidin gene expression fold at 8 weeks that was not associated with a similar hepcidin-ferroportin axis response. Low-dose iron could reveal a satisfactory, reliable performance regarding parameters of iron metabolism after 4 and 8 weeks. Further studies are recommended to prove or disprove our speculation, also for assessing the best duration of therapy to replenish iron stores to normal levels.</p>

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Low-Dose Iron Therapy for Managing Iron Deficiency Anemia in Children: Effect on Parameters of Iron Metabolism

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月12日

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  • Hanan M. Hamed,
  • Nehal Abdelhamid,
  • Hassan M. Salama,
  • Ayat A. Motawie,
  • Eman A. Elbostany,
  • Ashraf Galal,
  • Eman A. Elghoroury,
  • Solaf Kamel,
  • Eman M. Hassan,
  • Neveen A. Helmy,
  • Gamila S. El-saeed,
  • Amany M. Abd Al-Aziz

摘要

Worldwide, iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a health concern, especially in developing countries. More information is still needed to determine the ideal iron dosage. The hepcidin-ferroportin axis is considered the key player in controlling iron homeostasis. We aimed to study the influence of a low dose of iron therapy on managing iron deficiency anemia in children with special emphasis on hepcidin and hepcidin gene expression. A clinical study was conducted on 160 children having iron deficiency anemia, aged 5–14 years old and 80 healthy age & sex matched controls. Children having iron deficiency received oral iron treatment (10 mg/day) for eight weeks, in the form of ferric ammonium citrate. The effects of iron therapy on hepcidin, hepcidin gene expression fold, and other parameters of iron metabolism were evaluated after 4 and 8 weeks of therapy. After 4 weeks of iron therapy, a significant improvement was noticed in the mean values of serum iron from 43.12 ± 14.6 to 71.43 ± 17.5 ug/dl (p = 0.01), ferritin from 21.99 ± 11.01 to 63.100 ± 11.8 ng/ml (p = 0.001), ferroportin from 4.22 ± 1.5 to 10.47 ± 4.5 ng/ml (p = 0.01), hepcidin from 252.62 ± 146.6 to 417.79 ± 104.4 pg/ml (p = 0.02), hepcidin gene expression fold from 1.14 ± 0.2 to 1.75 ± 0.3 (p = 0.001). After 8 weeks of iron therapy, the mean value of Hb level started to improve significantly from 10.14 ± 1.6 to 11.45 ± 0.9 gm/dl (p = 0.01), and transferrin saturation% from 13.4 ± 3.06% to 22.29 ± 2.3% (p = 0.001). Body iron stores improved significantly but did not reach the normal level. Significantly elevated hepcidin gene expression fold at 8 weeks that was not associated with a similar hepcidin-ferroportin axis response. Low-dose iron could reveal a satisfactory, reliable performance regarding parameters of iron metabolism after 4 and 8 weeks. Further studies are recommended to prove or disprove our speculation, also for assessing the best duration of therapy to replenish iron stores to normal levels.