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<p>Neuralgic pain is characterized by brief, intense, lancinating pain attacks in the dermatome of the affected nerve. Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is the most common type of facial neuralgia. The classification distinguishes between classic TN caused by pathological neurovascular contact, symptomatic TN, and idiopathic TN. Diagnosis is based on the typical description of symptoms, normal neurological examination findings, and high-resolution MRI images of the brainstem to detect neurovascular contact or to rule out a&#xa0;tumor or multiple sclerosis plaque. Due to the characteristic symptoms, other types of facial pain can usually be easily excluded. The first-line treatments for pain are carbamazepine or oxcarbazepine. Surgical intervention is indicated when adequate pain control cannot be achieved with drug therapy.</p>

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Trigeminusneuralgie und andere Gesichtsneuralgien

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月21日

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  • Stefanie Förderreuther,
  • Rachel-Maria Zwergal

摘要

Neuralgic pain is characterized by brief, intense, lancinating pain attacks in the dermatome of the affected nerve. Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is the most common type of facial neuralgia. The classification distinguishes between classic TN caused by pathological neurovascular contact, symptomatic TN, and idiopathic TN. Diagnosis is based on the typical description of symptoms, normal neurological examination findings, and high-resolution MRI images of the brainstem to detect neurovascular contact or to rule out a tumor or multiple sclerosis plaque. Due to the characteristic symptoms, other types of facial pain can usually be easily excluded. The first-line treatments for pain are carbamazepine or oxcarbazepine. Surgical intervention is indicated when adequate pain control cannot be achieved with drug therapy.