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<p>Protective padding is applied to fixed obstacles on ski slopes with the aim of reducing the injury severity experienced by snow sport participants during collision events. For high-velocity impacts, the protective performance of such protection devices may be limited. This study aimed to evaluate the head and thoracic injury risks during collisions with obstacle and to assess how these risks could be reduced by coupling multiple protective devices (pads and nets). Ten collisions with obstacle were reconstructed in a laboratory with an instrumented Hybrid III dummy projected at 30&#xa0;km/h in a lying position against a fixed vertical pole. Two dummy orientations and five obstacle protections (coupling nets and pads) were investigated. Head linear accelerations, head angular velocities, and thoracic accelerations were recorded during the tests to estimate injury risks. Each test was filmed with two high-speed cameras. With one pad on the obstacle, the estimated severity of the collision ranged between moderate and severe head injury, depending on the dummy orientation. Coupling a pad on the obstacle with another pad or a net reduced the estimated severity of head and thoracic injuries. These tests provide insight into the performance and limits of the current pads to protect against injuries for impacts up to 25&#xa0;km/h. They also provide insight into the added potential value provided by coupling different protection devices (pads and nets).</p>

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An experimental pilot study on how protective pads and nets influence impact severity during collisions with fixed obstacles in snow sports

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月21日

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  • Marine Dorsemaine,
  • Catherine Masson,
  • Serge Riveill,
  • Philippe Janin,
  • Pierre-Jean Arnoux

摘要

Protective padding is applied to fixed obstacles on ski slopes with the aim of reducing the injury severity experienced by snow sport participants during collision events. For high-velocity impacts, the protective performance of such protection devices may be limited. This study aimed to evaluate the head and thoracic injury risks during collisions with obstacle and to assess how these risks could be reduced by coupling multiple protective devices (pads and nets). Ten collisions with obstacle were reconstructed in a laboratory with an instrumented Hybrid III dummy projected at 30 km/h in a lying position against a fixed vertical pole. Two dummy orientations and five obstacle protections (coupling nets and pads) were investigated. Head linear accelerations, head angular velocities, and thoracic accelerations were recorded during the tests to estimate injury risks. Each test was filmed with two high-speed cameras. With one pad on the obstacle, the estimated severity of the collision ranged between moderate and severe head injury, depending on the dummy orientation. Coupling a pad on the obstacle with another pad or a net reduced the estimated severity of head and thoracic injuries. These tests provide insight into the performance and limits of the current pads to protect against injuries for impacts up to 25 km/h. They also provide insight into the added potential value provided by coupling different protection devices (pads and nets).