Purpose of Review <p>This review aims to highlight the emerging role of <i>Candida parapsilosis</i> as a causative agent of onychomycosis, emphasizing its clinical features, antifungal resistance patterns, and biofilm-associated virulence. It underscores the importance of accurate identification and susceptibility testing to guide effective treatment and improve patient outcomes.</p> Recent Findings <p>Recent studies increasingly recognize Candida parapsilosis as a true pathogen in onychomycosis rather than a contaminant. biofilm formation has been confirmed as a key virulence factor, contributing to chronic infection and decreased therapeutic response. These findings support the need for routine mycological confirmation and antifungal susceptibility testing to guide targeted therapy.</p> Summary <p>Onychomycosis is a frequent nail plate infection, and although it is mainly caused by dermatophytes, yeasts from the genus <i>Candida spp</i> may be involved. Historically <i>C.parapsilosis</i> was considered a contaminating fungus, but has slowly emerged as an etiological agent for onychomycosis, both in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed patients. Its clinical presentation includes chronic paronychia, onycholysis, subungal hyperkeratosis as well as color changes in the nail plate. The precise identification is important due to the documented antifungal resistance of some strains, specially to azoles. The virulence factors such as biofilm formation contributes to the chronicity of the disease, and hinders treatment efficacy. Current evidence supports the need of epidemiological and fungal susceptibility studies that will allow to use effectively the required antifungal therapy, thus, improving patient´s outcome.</p>