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<p>Oxidative stress and protein nonenzymatic glycation are key factors in diabetic-foot syndrome pathogenesis. Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) progression involves excessive gluconolactone (GDL) production, linked to endothelial injury and diabetic arteriosclerosis. This study explored GDL's role in diabetic-foot syndrome using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to analyze sera from 75 T2DM patients (including 32 with diabetic-foot) and 36 healthy controls. GDL levels were significantly higher in T2DM patients and correlated with increased hemoglobin A1c glycation and reactive oxygen species production in endothelial cells, suggesting GDL's role in accelerating macrovascular arteriosclerosis and diabetic-foot syndrome. These findings highlight GDL's potential as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for diabetic macrovascular complications.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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A Metabolic Signature Specific to the Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and its Association with the Pathogenesis of Diabetic-Foot Syndrome

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月16日

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  • Tao Wang,
  • Ziyu Su,
  • Ming Zhong,
  • Xuanqin Wu,
  • Liang Li,
  • Hong Gu,
  • Yunhan Sun,
  • Jun Ji,
  • Xingchun Peng

摘要

Oxidative stress and protein nonenzymatic glycation are key factors in diabetic-foot syndrome pathogenesis. Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) progression involves excessive gluconolactone (GDL) production, linked to endothelial injury and diabetic arteriosclerosis. This study explored GDL's role in diabetic-foot syndrome using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to analyze sera from 75 T2DM patients (including 32 with diabetic-foot) and 36 healthy controls. GDL levels were significantly higher in T2DM patients and correlated with increased hemoglobin A1c glycation and reactive oxygen species production in endothelial cells, suggesting GDL's role in accelerating macrovascular arteriosclerosis and diabetic-foot syndrome. These findings highlight GDL's potential as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for diabetic macrovascular complications.

Graphical Abstract