Serum Albumin as a Prognostic Indicator of Severity in Acute Pancreatitis: An Observational Study
摘要
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory condition ranging from mild to life-threatening, with persistent organ failure. Early identification of patients at risk for severe AP is vital for better outcomes. Serum albumin levels are reliable predictors of persistent organ failure (POF) and mortality in AP. This study aimed to evaluate serum albumin as a biomarker for predicting disease severity in AP patients. An observational study was conducted on 47 patients aged 20–75 years diagnosed with acute pancreatitis (AP), excluding those with chronic pancreatitis or systemic disorders. Serum albumin levels were measured at admission and follow-up. The severity of AP was classified according to the revised Atlanta Classification. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 21, with significance set at P < 0.05. Among the 47 patients, 70.21% were men. Hypoalbuminemia was more common in moderate (52.63%) and severe AP (80%) compared to mild cases (26.09%). A significant association was found between hypoalbuminemia and AP severity (P = 0.0448). The odds ratio for hypoalbuminemia predicting severe AP was 2.80 (P = 0.0343). A serum albumin cutoff of 35.8 g/L showed a sensitivity of 73.2% and specificity of 55.8% for predicting severe AP. Serum hypoalbuminemia is significantly associated with AP severity, with an odds ratio of 2.80. A cutoff level of 35.8 g/L provides reasonable sensitivity and specificity for identifying severe cases. Measuring serum albumin at admission may aid in early risk stratification and management of AP patients. Further research is needed to validate these findings and explore clinical implications.