Purpose <p>To briefly review the current status of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) theranostics.</p> Material and methods <p>A&#xa0;literature search was conducted from 2020 to 2026 for systematic reviews addressing both diagnostic and therapeutic PSMA use in vivo in prostate cancer, excluding original works, case reports, and abstracts.</p> Results <p>Out of an initial 1315 results, ten systematic reviews were included. Various diagnostic PSMA radiotracers that can be labeled with gallium-68 and/or fluorine-18 exist, showing comparable results. For therapeutic applications, the widely used lutetium-177 PSMA ligands and the emerging actinium-225-labeled PSMA ligands have demonstrated prolonged progression-free survival in recent ongoing prospective trials, while no effect for overall survival could be demonstrated. Prostate-specific membrane antigen has therapeutic value beyond prostate cancer, while the role of other ligands in prostate cancer remains experimental.</p> Conclusion <p>The development of PSMA radiotracers has revolutionized the diagnostic approach in nuclear medicine, while their therapeutic application offers a&#xa0;completely novel treatment option in patients with prostate cancer.</p>