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Purpose <p>This study investigates the radioprotective efficacy of a combinatorial liposomal formulation encapsulating silibinin (Lip-SIL) and α-tocopherol (Lip-TOC) on human fibroblasts (HF cells) against X-ray induced damage.</p> Methods <p>Lip-SIL and Lip-TOC were synthesized via thin-film hydration and sonication. Radioprotective effects on HF cells exposed to 2&#xa0;Gy X-rays were evaluated using Annexin V-FITC/PI (apoptosis), CM-H<sub>2</sub>DCFDA (intracellular ROS), Trypan blue (viability), and γH2AX (DNA double-strand breaks) assays.</p> Results <p>The combined treatment of Lip-SIL (10&#xa0;µg/mL) and Lip-TOC (10&#xa0;µg/mL) demonstrated enhanced protective efficacy compared to individual treatments. Specifically, the combination reduced the cell death rate to 6.50 ± 0.70% compared to 22.10 ± 1.01% in the irradiated control (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), corresponding to a 70.59% reduction in mortality. Furthermore, the combined formulation significantly decreased the mean number of γH2AX foci per cell from 17.00 ± 0.83 to 9.83 ± 0.95 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) and suppressed intracellular ROS levels by 28.51% relative to the irradiated control.</p> Conclusions <p>The combination of Lip-SIL and Lip-TOC provides a multi-targeted radioprotective effect, significantly mitigating radiation-induced cell death and DNA damage. These findings suggest a synergistic mechanism where membrane stabilization interacts with intracellular antioxidant defense, supporting the potential of this formulation as a natural radioprotective agent.</p>

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Combined Radioprotective Effects of Liposomal Silibinin and Liposomal α-tocopherol on Human Fibroblasts Exposed to X-ray Radiation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月19日

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  • Ngoc-Duy Pham,
  • Thi-Ngoc-Mai Tran,
  • Ho-Thuat-Khoa Pham,
  • Xuan-Hai Pham,
  • Le-Bao-Ha Tran,
  • Minh-Hiep Nguyen

摘要

Purpose

This study investigates the radioprotective efficacy of a combinatorial liposomal formulation encapsulating silibinin (Lip-SIL) and α-tocopherol (Lip-TOC) on human fibroblasts (HF cells) against X-ray induced damage.

Methods

Lip-SIL and Lip-TOC were synthesized via thin-film hydration and sonication. Radioprotective effects on HF cells exposed to 2 Gy X-rays were evaluated using Annexin V-FITC/PI (apoptosis), CM-H2DCFDA (intracellular ROS), Trypan blue (viability), and γH2AX (DNA double-strand breaks) assays.

Results

The combined treatment of Lip-SIL (10 µg/mL) and Lip-TOC (10 µg/mL) demonstrated enhanced protective efficacy compared to individual treatments. Specifically, the combination reduced the cell death rate to 6.50 ± 0.70% compared to 22.10 ± 1.01% in the irradiated control (p < 0.05), corresponding to a 70.59% reduction in mortality. Furthermore, the combined formulation significantly decreased the mean number of γH2AX foci per cell from 17.00 ± 0.83 to 9.83 ± 0.95 (p < 0.05) and suppressed intracellular ROS levels by 28.51% relative to the irradiated control.

Conclusions

The combination of Lip-SIL and Lip-TOC provides a multi-targeted radioprotective effect, significantly mitigating radiation-induced cell death and DNA damage. These findings suggest a synergistic mechanism where membrane stabilization interacts with intracellular antioxidant defense, supporting the potential of this formulation as a natural radioprotective agent.