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<p>Erectile dysfunction is a common condition affecting a significant percentage of males worldwide. Thymol is a natural compound found in the essential oil of thyme and several other plant species, and it exhibits various biological activities. The objective of this study was to prepare a thymol formulation (THY-K17) and evaluate its relaxant effect on isolated guinea pig corpus cavernosum smooth muscle (CCSM) as well as its aphrodisiac effect in rats. THY-K17 was successfully prepared using Kollidon<sup>®</sup> 17 PF as the polymeric carrier and mannitol as a diluent. Thymol was transformed into an amorphous state, which was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). More than 90% of thymol was released from THY-K17 within 2&#xa0;h. The ex vivo study demonstrated improved efficacy, showing significant and complete relaxation of CCSM with THY-K17 compared with pure thymol. The in vivo aphrodisiac study indicated improvement in all sexual behavior parameters in the group treated with THY-K17 compared with the THY and normal control groups. Furthermore, no significant difference in copulatory efficiency was observed between the sildenafil citrate and THY-K17 treated groups, confirming the role of the formulation in enhancing the aphrodisiac action of thymol.</p>

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Characterization and Aphrodisiac Action Evaluation of a Thymol Formulation: Ex-vivo and In-vivo Investigation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月14日

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  • Bader B. Alsulays,
  • Fahad S. Almutib,
  • Najeeb Ur Rehman,
  • Gamal A. Soliman,
  • Maged S. Abdel-Kader

摘要

Erectile dysfunction is a common condition affecting a significant percentage of males worldwide. Thymol is a natural compound found in the essential oil of thyme and several other plant species, and it exhibits various biological activities. The objective of this study was to prepare a thymol formulation (THY-K17) and evaluate its relaxant effect on isolated guinea pig corpus cavernosum smooth muscle (CCSM) as well as its aphrodisiac effect in rats. THY-K17 was successfully prepared using Kollidon® 17 PF as the polymeric carrier and mannitol as a diluent. Thymol was transformed into an amorphous state, which was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). More than 90% of thymol was released from THY-K17 within 2 h. The ex vivo study demonstrated improved efficacy, showing significant and complete relaxation of CCSM with THY-K17 compared with pure thymol. The in vivo aphrodisiac study indicated improvement in all sexual behavior parameters in the group treated with THY-K17 compared with the THY and normal control groups. Furthermore, no significant difference in copulatory efficiency was observed between the sildenafil citrate and THY-K17 treated groups, confirming the role of the formulation in enhancing the aphrodisiac action of thymol.