Sensitive and Selective Fluorescent Mannich Adduct Biosensing Probe for Estimation of Carvedilol Using Integrated Approach of White Analytical Chemistry and Quality by Design
摘要
Carvedilol (CAR) is a non-selective beta-blocker used in treating hypertension and heart failure. Existing analytical methods for CAR quantification face challenges in sensitivity, environmental sustainability, and efficiency.
ObjectivesThis study aimed to develop an innovative, highly sensitive, and environmentally friendly analytical method for picoscale determination of CAR in pharmaceutical formulations and biological samples.
MethodThe research utilized a microwave-assisted micro-level Mannich-type derivatization to generate a CAR-linked fluorescent biosensing probe on TLC plates. The method development integrated principles of white analytical chemistry and Quality by Design (QbD) to optimize performance and minimize environmental impact.
ResultsThe developed method demonstrated exceptional sensitivity with detection and quantification limits in the picogram range (LOD: 3.0 pg/band, LOQ: 10 pg/band), surpassing conventional techniques. It showed high accuracy and precision in both pharmaceutical formulations (99.69-100.55% recovery) and biological samples (91.42–96.50% recovery in human plasma). The method generated zero organic waste and consumed minimal resources, achieving higher scores on analytical profile tools compared to conventional methods.
ConclusionThis research presents a significant advancement in CAR analysis, offering a highly sensitive, eco-friendly, and efficient analytical tool that balances analytical performance with environmental responsibility and user-friendliness, addressing key limitations of traditional analytical approaches.