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Purpose <p>Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder marked by decreased bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration, which increases fracture risk and reduces quality of life, especially in elderly people. <i>Ananas comosus</i> (pineapple), a tropical plant rich in bioactive compounds, has promising therapeutic potential but remains underexplored for treating osteoporosis. Current pharmacological treatments, although effective, often come with significant side effects and high costs, highlighting the need for safer, more affordable alternatives. Therefore, this study aims to assess the osteoprotective effects of a hydroalcoholic extract of <i>Ananas comosus</i> fruit in a dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis model using female Wistar rats.</p> Methods <p>Osteoporosis was induced via intramuscular administration of dexamethasone (7&#xa0;mg/kg/week for four weeks). Rats were subsequently treated with hydroalcoholic extract of fruits of <i>A. comosus</i> at 200, 400, and 800&#xa0;mg/kg/day for 15 days. Sodium alendronate (0.2&#xa0;mg/animal/day) served as the standard comparator. Bone morphometry, bone mineral density (BMD), ash value, serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and biomechanical strength were assessed.</p> Results <p>Dexamethasone significantly impaired bone health by reducing femur length, thickness, weight, BMD, and ash content, while increasing serum ALP levels (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). Treatment with <i>A. comosus</i> extract, especially at 800&#xa0;mg/kg, led to significant improvements in bone morphometric indices (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), restored BMD (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01), increased ash content (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01), and decreased ALP levels (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01). Biomechanical strength was notably improved in the extract-treated groups, nearly matching the effectiveness of sodium alendronate.</p> Conclusion <p><i>A. comosus</i> extract demonstrated dose-dependent anti-osteoporotic effects, which may be attributed to its flavonoids, phenolics, and other phytoconstituents with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and osteogenic properties. These findings support its potential as a safe, plant-based therapeutic candidate for glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.</p>

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Anti-osteoporosis Potential of Ananas comosus: An Herbal Phyto-Shield for the Silent Thief

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月13日

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  • Shubhashree Mahadik,
  • Aarti Shastri,
  • Dr M. J. Chavan

摘要

Purpose

Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder marked by decreased bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration, which increases fracture risk and reduces quality of life, especially in elderly people. Ananas comosus (pineapple), a tropical plant rich in bioactive compounds, has promising therapeutic potential but remains underexplored for treating osteoporosis. Current pharmacological treatments, although effective, often come with significant side effects and high costs, highlighting the need for safer, more affordable alternatives. Therefore, this study aims to assess the osteoprotective effects of a hydroalcoholic extract of Ananas comosus fruit in a dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis model using female Wistar rats.

Methods

Osteoporosis was induced via intramuscular administration of dexamethasone (7 mg/kg/week for four weeks). Rats were subsequently treated with hydroalcoholic extract of fruits of A. comosus at 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg/day for 15 days. Sodium alendronate (0.2 mg/animal/day) served as the standard comparator. Bone morphometry, bone mineral density (BMD), ash value, serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and biomechanical strength were assessed.

Results

Dexamethasone significantly impaired bone health by reducing femur length, thickness, weight, BMD, and ash content, while increasing serum ALP levels (P < 0.001). Treatment with A. comosus extract, especially at 800 mg/kg, led to significant improvements in bone morphometric indices (P < 0.05), restored BMD (P < 0.01), increased ash content (P < 0.01), and decreased ALP levels (P < 0.01). Biomechanical strength was notably improved in the extract-treated groups, nearly matching the effectiveness of sodium alendronate.

Conclusion

A. comosus extract demonstrated dose-dependent anti-osteoporotic effects, which may be attributed to its flavonoids, phenolics, and other phytoconstituents with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and osteogenic properties. These findings support its potential as a safe, plant-based therapeutic candidate for glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.