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Background <p>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of an ethanol extract of <i>Hibiscus sabdariffa</i> L. (EEHS) and to compare its topical anti-inflammatory activity to a cream formulated from the plant’s essential oil (EO).</p> Methods <p>Dried calices powder of the plant was subjected to ethanol extraction using a Soxhlet extraction apparatus. Total phenolic content and total anthocyanin content were assessed. The antioxidant activity was evaluated through a DPPH free radical scavenging assay. EEHS was studied for antidiabetic activity in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats by oral administration of the extract (300&#xa0;mg/kg body weight) for 15 days. Blood glucose level was estimated and compared with Glucophage (500&#xa0;mg). In order to understand the biological activity of <i>H. Sabdariffa</i> in the inflammatory response, cream of the EEHS and EO were formulated. Cream was made into oil in water base (O/W) containing 1% and 0.5% (m/m) concentration of EEHS and EO, respectively. An acute dermal irritation test on rabbits of the formulated creams was carried out. The topical anti-inflammatory effect of the creams formulated was determined by the croton oil-induced mouse ear edema test.</p> Results <p>EEHS containing polyphenolic and anthocyanin compounds exhibited antioxidant properties. The IC50 value of <i>H. sabdariffa</i> was found to be 0.221, indicating its potent inhibitory activity in the tested assay.&#xa0;EEHS at a dose of 300&#xa0;mg/kg significantly reduced blood glucose levels in hyperglycemic rats from 333 ± 10.226 to 183.33 ± 10.345&#xa0;mg/dL (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05 vs. diabetic control) after 14 days of treatment. This reduction was greater than that observed in the positive control group, with glucose reduction percentages of 44.94% and 22.96%, respectively, on day 14. Moreover, EEHS was observed to be non-toxic at doses up to 5&#xa0;g/kg body weight. In acute inflammation, EEHS demonstrated greater efficacy than EO, achieving inhibition rates of 70% and 66.66%, respectively. The histological study of tissues obtained from mouse ears provided confirmation of the results obtained during this study.</p> Conclusion <p>The findings demonstrate that EEHS, rich in polyphenols and anthocyanins, exhibits significant antioxidant, antihyperglycemic, and anti-inflammatory properties along with a favorable safety profile - supporting its potential as a natural therapeutic agent.</p>

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Antioxidant, Antidiabetic and Topical Antiinflammatory Effects of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Extracts

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月20日

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  • Lilia Mouhi,
  • Asma Belkadi,
  • Abdeltif Amrane,
  • Amel Toubane,
  • Hana Guedjali,
  • Lina Chouial

摘要

Background

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of an ethanol extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (EEHS) and to compare its topical anti-inflammatory activity to a cream formulated from the plant’s essential oil (EO).

Methods

Dried calices powder of the plant was subjected to ethanol extraction using a Soxhlet extraction apparatus. Total phenolic content and total anthocyanin content were assessed. The antioxidant activity was evaluated through a DPPH free radical scavenging assay. EEHS was studied for antidiabetic activity in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats by oral administration of the extract (300 mg/kg body weight) for 15 days. Blood glucose level was estimated and compared with Glucophage (500 mg). In order to understand the biological activity of H. Sabdariffa in the inflammatory response, cream of the EEHS and EO were formulated. Cream was made into oil in water base (O/W) containing 1% and 0.5% (m/m) concentration of EEHS and EO, respectively. An acute dermal irritation test on rabbits of the formulated creams was carried out. The topical anti-inflammatory effect of the creams formulated was determined by the croton oil-induced mouse ear edema test.

Results

EEHS containing polyphenolic and anthocyanin compounds exhibited antioxidant properties. The IC50 value of H. sabdariffa was found to be 0.221, indicating its potent inhibitory activity in the tested assay. EEHS at a dose of 300 mg/kg significantly reduced blood glucose levels in hyperglycemic rats from 333 ± 10.226 to 183.33 ± 10.345 mg/dL (P < 0.05 vs. diabetic control) after 14 days of treatment. This reduction was greater than that observed in the positive control group, with glucose reduction percentages of 44.94% and 22.96%, respectively, on day 14. Moreover, EEHS was observed to be non-toxic at doses up to 5 g/kg body weight. In acute inflammation, EEHS demonstrated greater efficacy than EO, achieving inhibition rates of 70% and 66.66%, respectively. The histological study of tissues obtained from mouse ears provided confirmation of the results obtained during this study.

Conclusion

The findings demonstrate that EEHS, rich in polyphenols and anthocyanins, exhibits significant antioxidant, antihyperglycemic, and anti-inflammatory properties along with a favorable safety profile - supporting its potential as a natural therapeutic agent.