Background <p><i>Elephantopus scaber </i>(<i>E. scaber</i>) is a medicinal plant frequently used in traditional medicine for its health-promoting properties, as it contains numerous physiologically active compounds. However, scientific research on the metabolite profile of this plant remains limited.</p> Purpose <p>This study aims to establish chemical profiles of <i>E. scaber </i>leaf extracted by different polarity solvents (hexane, chloroform, acetone and 70% (v/v) ethanol) and to correlate the chemical markers to anti-<i>Vibrio</i> activities using the ¹H NMR-metabolomics approach.</p> Methods <p>A portion of the powdered <i>E. scaber</i> leaf sample was extracted using different solvent systems, namely hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and 70% (v/v) ethanol. Each extract was evaporated to dryness and subsequently lyophilized before being subjected to NMR analysis. For multivariate data analysis, all samples were prepared in six replicates.</p> Results <p>The application of principal component analysis effectively distinguished the extracts based on their metabolite profiles. Acetone and 70% (v/v) ethanol were determined to have good extraction efficiency. The findings from the partial least squares analysis revealed a significant correlation between the polar chemicals present in the acetone extract of <i>E. scaber</i> leaf and its anti-<i>Vibrio</i> activity. According to the loading plot, acetone extracts contain a more diversified spectrum as compared to the other extracts, with a total of 42 metabolites comprising carbohydrates, amino acids, flavonoids, terpenoids, organic and fatty acids.</p> Conclusion <p>The identification of these metabolites in <i>E. scaber</i> leaf extracts indicate that they may play a significant role in the anti-<i>Vibrio</i> action.</p>