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Purpose <p><i>Curcuma longa</i>,<i> L.</i>, widely termed turmeric is a perennial herb having fleshy rhizomes native to Asia. Rhizomes and dried powder use are traced back to ancient civilizations as an antibacterial, analgesic, digestive aid, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant. The current article explores the flavonoid extraction from turmeric and its use in the treatment of acne.</p> Method <p>Three varieties of turmeric were purchased, identified, dried, powdered, and used to extract flavonoids. The extracted flavonoid-rich fraction was evaluated for flavonoids using preliminary phytochemical tests and thin-layer chromatography. Extract-loaded patches were formulated, optimized for film formation, drug layering, and adhesiveness, and evaluated for quality attributes. The in-vitro drug release, permeation, and antibacterial study were performed using an optimized formulation. Furthermore, a patch was evaluated in the rabbit study for safety.</p> Results <p>The authenticated turmeric yields 2–5% flavonoid extract, and its properties comply with the herbal pharmacopeia. The positive response to the alkaline reagent, lead acetate, and the Shinoda test confirmed the presence of flavonoids. The extract showed compatibility with selected polymers, and the formulation was optimized using a combination of ethylcellulose and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. Evaluation of key parameters—including thickness, weight variation, drug content uniformity, folding endurance, moisture absorption and loss, water vapor transmission rate, and swelling index demonstrates acceptable results. The drug release study demonstrates the controlled release at a Higuchi kinetic model and Korsmeyers-Peppas model mechanism. A significant amount of skin permeation was observed at a controlled rate. The in vitro antimicrobial activity is comparable to standard ciprofloxacin. The skin irritation study in the rabbits demonstrates the safety of the flavonoid formulation for use.</p> Conclusion <p>The flavonoid extract from turmeric may be utilized for the treatment of acne using a transdermal patch as an herbal remedy.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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In-vitro Efficacy and In-vivo Safety Study of a Transdermal Formulation Containing ‎Flavonoid-Rich Extract from Curcuma Longa L.

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月26日

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  • Dipika Ramdas Kalambhe,
  • Om Sambhaji Shelke,
  • Amar H. Deshpande,
  • Yongzhuo Huang

摘要

Purpose

Curcuma longa, L., widely termed turmeric is a perennial herb having fleshy rhizomes native to Asia. Rhizomes and dried powder use are traced back to ancient civilizations as an antibacterial, analgesic, digestive aid, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant. The current article explores the flavonoid extraction from turmeric and its use in the treatment of acne.

Method

Three varieties of turmeric were purchased, identified, dried, powdered, and used to extract flavonoids. The extracted flavonoid-rich fraction was evaluated for flavonoids using preliminary phytochemical tests and thin-layer chromatography. Extract-loaded patches were formulated, optimized for film formation, drug layering, and adhesiveness, and evaluated for quality attributes. The in-vitro drug release, permeation, and antibacterial study were performed using an optimized formulation. Furthermore, a patch was evaluated in the rabbit study for safety.

Results

The authenticated turmeric yields 2–5% flavonoid extract, and its properties comply with the herbal pharmacopeia. The positive response to the alkaline reagent, lead acetate, and the Shinoda test confirmed the presence of flavonoids. The extract showed compatibility with selected polymers, and the formulation was optimized using a combination of ethylcellulose and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. Evaluation of key parameters—including thickness, weight variation, drug content uniformity, folding endurance, moisture absorption and loss, water vapor transmission rate, and swelling index demonstrates acceptable results. The drug release study demonstrates the controlled release at a Higuchi kinetic model and Korsmeyers-Peppas model mechanism. A significant amount of skin permeation was observed at a controlled rate. The in vitro antimicrobial activity is comparable to standard ciprofloxacin. The skin irritation study in the rabbits demonstrates the safety of the flavonoid formulation for use.

Conclusion

The flavonoid extract from turmeric may be utilized for the treatment of acne using a transdermal patch as an herbal remedy.

Graphical Abstract