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Background <p>Medicinal plants are good sources of secondary metabolites, which are important in disease control and drug development.</p> Objectives <p>The present study aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition and antimicrobial potential of <i>Glinus lotoides</i> L. leaf ethanolic extracts.</p> Results <p>Qualitative phytochemical screening revealed the presence of carbohydrates, alkaloids, tannins, glycosides, phenols, steroids, flavonoids, saponins, and terpenoids, while oils, resins, amino acids, and quinones were absent. GC-MS analysis of the ethanolic extract identified 16 bioactive compounds, with 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z, Z)- (36.31%) as the most abundant, while the chloroform fraction was dominated by Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (90.16%). Antibacterial assays demonstrated significant activity, with the ethyl acetate fraction exhibiting the highest zones of inhibition (ZOI) against <i>R. solanacearum</i> (18.5&#xa0;mm) and <i>X. axonopodis</i> (19.5&#xa0;mm). The chloroform fraction showed potent antifungal activity against <i>F. oxysporum</i> and <i>A. niger</i> (ZOI: 18&#xa0;mm each). Anti-biofilm assays revealed strong inhibition by chloroform extract against <i>R. solanacearum</i> (SBF: 1.035) and ethyl acetate against <i>X. axonopodis</i> (SBF: 0.848). Additionally, the chloroform fraction displayed broad-spectrum anti-pellicle activity, inhibiting all tested bacterial and fungal strains.</p> Conclusion <p>These findings highlight <i>G. lotoides</i> as a promising source of antimicrobial and anti-biofilm agents, warranting further exploration of its bioactive compounds for pharmaceutical applications.</p>

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Phytochemical Fingerprinting, GC-MS Profiling, and Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Activities of Glinus Lotoides L.: Inhibition of Biofilm and Pellicle Formation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月25日

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  • Ulfat Nawaz,
  • Asad Razzaq,
  • Atta Ur Rahman,
  • Arshad Iqbal,
  • Sanya Sanya,
  • Atif Ali Khan Khalil,
  • Sajid Ali,
  • Eman Ramadan Elsharkawy

摘要

Background

Medicinal plants are good sources of secondary metabolites, which are important in disease control and drug development.

Objectives

The present study aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition and antimicrobial potential of Glinus lotoides L. leaf ethanolic extracts.

Results

Qualitative phytochemical screening revealed the presence of carbohydrates, alkaloids, tannins, glycosides, phenols, steroids, flavonoids, saponins, and terpenoids, while oils, resins, amino acids, and quinones were absent. GC-MS analysis of the ethanolic extract identified 16 bioactive compounds, with 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z, Z)- (36.31%) as the most abundant, while the chloroform fraction was dominated by Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (90.16%). Antibacterial assays demonstrated significant activity, with the ethyl acetate fraction exhibiting the highest zones of inhibition (ZOI) against R. solanacearum (18.5 mm) and X. axonopodis (19.5 mm). The chloroform fraction showed potent antifungal activity against F. oxysporum and A. niger (ZOI: 18 mm each). Anti-biofilm assays revealed strong inhibition by chloroform extract against R. solanacearum (SBF: 1.035) and ethyl acetate against X. axonopodis (SBF: 0.848). Additionally, the chloroform fraction displayed broad-spectrum anti-pellicle activity, inhibiting all tested bacterial and fungal strains.

Conclusion

These findings highlight G. lotoides as a promising source of antimicrobial and anti-biofilm agents, warranting further exploration of its bioactive compounds for pharmaceutical applications.