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<p>Ovarian cancer remains one of the leading causes of gynecological cancer-related mortality worldwide, primarily due to late-stage diagnosis and the development of chemoresistance. Despite progress in therapeutic strategies, clinical outcomes remain poor, with a five-year survival rate of only 29%. A major limitation of current treatments is the low bioavailability and non-specific delivery of chemotherapeutic agents. Bevacizumab, an FDA-approved anti-angiogenic drug used in ovarian cancer treatment, suffers from poor bioavailability, limiting its therapeutic potential. This study aimed to enhance the delivery and efficacy of bevacizumab by encapsulating it within poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles for targeted treatment of ovarian carcinoma. Nanoparticles were formulated using the double emulsion solvent evaporation technique and optimized via Box-Behnken statistical design. The optimized nanoparticles demonstrated significant anticancer activity against SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells, with an IC₅₀ value of 320.28&#xa0;µg/mL. Furthermore, the formulation effectively induced apoptosis and caused DNA damage in cancer cells. These findings suggest that PLGA-encapsulated bevacizumab offers improved therapeutic efficacy over free bevacizumab, representing a promising strategy for enhancing ovarian cancer treatment.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Synthesis, Characterization, and In Vitro Evaluation of Anticancer Activity of Bevacizumab Encapsulated PLGA Nanoparticles on Ovarian Carcinoma Cells

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月20日

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  • Soumya Narayana,
  • Mohammed Gulzar Ahmed,
  • Ashwini Prabhu,
  • Karthika Paul,
  • B.H. Jaswanth Gowda

摘要

Ovarian cancer remains one of the leading causes of gynecological cancer-related mortality worldwide, primarily due to late-stage diagnosis and the development of chemoresistance. Despite progress in therapeutic strategies, clinical outcomes remain poor, with a five-year survival rate of only 29%. A major limitation of current treatments is the low bioavailability and non-specific delivery of chemotherapeutic agents. Bevacizumab, an FDA-approved anti-angiogenic drug used in ovarian cancer treatment, suffers from poor bioavailability, limiting its therapeutic potential. This study aimed to enhance the delivery and efficacy of bevacizumab by encapsulating it within poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles for targeted treatment of ovarian carcinoma. Nanoparticles were formulated using the double emulsion solvent evaporation technique and optimized via Box-Behnken statistical design. The optimized nanoparticles demonstrated significant anticancer activity against SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells, with an IC₅₀ value of 320.28 µg/mL. Furthermore, the formulation effectively induced apoptosis and caused DNA damage in cancer cells. These findings suggest that PLGA-encapsulated bevacizumab offers improved therapeutic efficacy over free bevacizumab, representing a promising strategy for enhancing ovarian cancer treatment.

Graphical Abstract