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<p>Coastal wetlands perform essential ecosystem functions that may be negatively impacted by anthropogenic activities and environmental change. Coastal wetland degradation has been observed in the Tolomato River estuary, part of the Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve (GTMNERR), on the east coast of Florida (USA). While some portions of marsh have well-consolidated soil (i.e., “stable”), others have reduced plant vigor and unconsolidated soils (i.e., “unstable”). We quantified how elevation, plant biomass, and soil biogeochemical properties (particle size, organic matter content, sulfide, total and dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus, and potassium permanganate oxidizable carbon (POXC)) differed between stable and unstable marsh soils. Three sites, each containing triplicate stable and unstable plots, were identified for study; a fourth site with only stable plots served as a reference condition. Soil cores (0–30&#xa0;cm) were collected from each plot (21 total) and analyzed. Results indicated ammonium and sulfide concentrations averaged 64% and 28% higher in unstable soils than stable, respectively. Organic matter content, total carbon, total nitrogen, and POXC were all 10–15% greater in stable soils. Root productivity, soil resistance, and elevation were also 267%, 200%, and 0.17&#xa0;m higher in stable soils. Our findings suggest land managers can use visual and tactile cues of marsh stability to rapidly assess plant and soil physicochemical properties, allowing for informed decision making regarding the need for protection and restoration.</p>

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Soil and Plant Physicochemical Properties Associated with Coastal Marsh Degradation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月11日

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  • Jennifer Volk,
  • Cathilyn L. McIntosh,
  • J. Adam Langley,
  • Samantha K. Chapman,
  • Lisa G. Chambers

摘要

Coastal wetlands perform essential ecosystem functions that may be negatively impacted by anthropogenic activities and environmental change. Coastal wetland degradation has been observed in the Tolomato River estuary, part of the Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve (GTMNERR), on the east coast of Florida (USA). While some portions of marsh have well-consolidated soil (i.e., “stable”), others have reduced plant vigor and unconsolidated soils (i.e., “unstable”). We quantified how elevation, plant biomass, and soil biogeochemical properties (particle size, organic matter content, sulfide, total and dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus, and potassium permanganate oxidizable carbon (POXC)) differed between stable and unstable marsh soils. Three sites, each containing triplicate stable and unstable plots, were identified for study; a fourth site with only stable plots served as a reference condition. Soil cores (0–30 cm) were collected from each plot (21 total) and analyzed. Results indicated ammonium and sulfide concentrations averaged 64% and 28% higher in unstable soils than stable, respectively. Organic matter content, total carbon, total nitrogen, and POXC were all 10–15% greater in stable soils. Root productivity, soil resistance, and elevation were also 267%, 200%, and 0.17 m higher in stable soils. Our findings suggest land managers can use visual and tactile cues of marsh stability to rapidly assess plant and soil physicochemical properties, allowing for informed decision making regarding the need for protection and restoration.