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<p>Potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i> L.), a globally important staple crop, is susceptible to cold stress, which severely impacts its growth, yield, and quality. Improving potato cold tolerance is crucial for maintaining yield in the context of climate change. This review summarizes recent advances in the physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms of potato cold tolerance and explores the roles of photosynthesis, membrane stability, osmoregulation, antioxidant defense, and cold-responsive gene networks. The integration of transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and epigenetics provides comprehensive insights into adaptation to stress. We also assessed breeding approaches, including conventional breeding, germplasm screening, marker-assisted selection, and cutting-edge genome editing tools such as CRISPR/Cas9. Finally, this review emphasizes the importance of integrating multi-omics with high-throughput phenotyping and predictive modeling to accelerate the development of cold-tolerant varieties adapted to field conditions, address existing knowledge gaps, and explore future research directions.</p>

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Advances in Understanding Cold Tolerance Mechanisms in Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.): Physiological, Biochemical, Molecular, and Breeding Perspectives

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月10日

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  • Barkat Ali,
  • Wajid Anwar,
  • Muhammad Nauman Khan

摘要

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), a globally important staple crop, is susceptible to cold stress, which severely impacts its growth, yield, and quality. Improving potato cold tolerance is crucial for maintaining yield in the context of climate change. This review summarizes recent advances in the physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms of potato cold tolerance and explores the roles of photosynthesis, membrane stability, osmoregulation, antioxidant defense, and cold-responsive gene networks. The integration of transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and epigenetics provides comprehensive insights into adaptation to stress. We also assessed breeding approaches, including conventional breeding, germplasm screening, marker-assisted selection, and cutting-edge genome editing tools such as CRISPR/Cas9. Finally, this review emphasizes the importance of integrating multi-omics with high-throughput phenotyping and predictive modeling to accelerate the development of cold-tolerant varieties adapted to field conditions, address existing knowledge gaps, and explore future research directions.