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<p>The Mediterranean basin is characterised by high endemicity, and the purpose of this study is to ascertain the degree of extinction risk of the Mediterranean region endemic plants occurring coastally in Egypt and the changes in the status of these species over the last 20 years. We collected data from field surveys, herbarium voucher specimens, assessors’ expertise, unpublished data and a literature review. We performed a preliminary, regional conservation assessment of all 65 Mediterranean region endemics occurring in Egypt, based largely on IUCN criterion B, restricted geographic range and compared them with other regional and global assessments. Regional assessments showed that 50 taxa, 77%, are considered to be threatened in Egypt and in danger of becoming extinct, because 26 are Critically Endangered and 24 are Endangered, while a further three species are listed as potentially Regionally Extinct and five as Potentially Extinct. Seven species are considered Data Deficient, so may or may not be threatened. Most of the assessed taxa are threatened by residential and commercial development, followed by gathering and climate change. Consequently, nature conservation organisations should make efforts to protect these rare taxa. Novel conservation measures for endemics in the region are urgently required.</p>

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Extinction risk of endemic Mediterranean Region plants in Egypt, based on IUCN assessments

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月25日

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  • Kamal Shaltout,
  • Heba Bedair,
  • Mohamed M. El-Khalafy,
  • Marwa W. A. Halmy

摘要

The Mediterranean basin is characterised by high endemicity, and the purpose of this study is to ascertain the degree of extinction risk of the Mediterranean region endemic plants occurring coastally in Egypt and the changes in the status of these species over the last 20 years. We collected data from field surveys, herbarium voucher specimens, assessors’ expertise, unpublished data and a literature review. We performed a preliminary, regional conservation assessment of all 65 Mediterranean region endemics occurring in Egypt, based largely on IUCN criterion B, restricted geographic range and compared them with other regional and global assessments. Regional assessments showed that 50 taxa, 77%, are considered to be threatened in Egypt and in danger of becoming extinct, because 26 are Critically Endangered and 24 are Endangered, while a further three species are listed as potentially Regionally Extinct and five as Potentially Extinct. Seven species are considered Data Deficient, so may or may not be threatened. Most of the assessed taxa are threatened by residential and commercial development, followed by gathering and climate change. Consequently, nature conservation organisations should make efforts to protect these rare taxa. Novel conservation measures for endemics in the region are urgently required.