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<p>The genus <i>Pinguicula</i> is striking in that all its extant members are considered carnivorous. <i>Pinguicula</i> is also recognized for its mountainous and restricted distribution and, consequently, for its high vulnerability to human activities. Mexico harbours nearly half the species of this genus worldwide. We analysed the geographical patterns of Mexican <i>Pinguicula</i> species to characterize the threat level according to criterion&#xa0;B2 (area of occupancy) of the International Union for Conservation of Nature. We also performed an endemicity analysis to identify areas of endemism and their relationship with Mexican protected natural areas. Finally, we applied a protocol of Systematic Conservation Planning to assess the current representativeness of <i>Pinguicula</i> species within existing Mexican protected areas. Of the total 52 species studied, 67% were classified as Endangered according to their area of occupancy. In Mexico, two areas of endemism were identified in mountain ranges such as the Sierra Madre Oriental and the Transmexican Volcanic Belt, with minimal overlap with existing categories of protected natural areas of only 14.16% and 6.84%, respectively. A strategic increase of the area of protected areas could include 48.6% of the geographical distribution of endemic species of the Southern Sierra Madre Oriental–Eastern Transmexican Volcanic Belt and 39.8% of the Northern Sierra Madre Oriental. This information allows us to determine priority conservation areas complementing the current network of protected areas and to guide the conservation decision-making processes in the long-term protection of <i>Pinguicula</i>.</p>

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Conservation implications of the geographical distribution patterns of endemic Mexican butterworts (Pinguicula, Lentibulariaceae)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月1日

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  • Claudia Reaño,
  • Tania Escalante,
  • Oscar Campos,
  • Raúl E. Alcalá

摘要

The genus Pinguicula is striking in that all its extant members are considered carnivorous. Pinguicula is also recognized for its mountainous and restricted distribution and, consequently, for its high vulnerability to human activities. Mexico harbours nearly half the species of this genus worldwide. We analysed the geographical patterns of Mexican Pinguicula species to characterize the threat level according to criterion B2 (area of occupancy) of the International Union for Conservation of Nature. We also performed an endemicity analysis to identify areas of endemism and their relationship with Mexican protected natural areas. Finally, we applied a protocol of Systematic Conservation Planning to assess the current representativeness of Pinguicula species within existing Mexican protected areas. Of the total 52 species studied, 67% were classified as Endangered according to their area of occupancy. In Mexico, two areas of endemism were identified in mountain ranges such as the Sierra Madre Oriental and the Transmexican Volcanic Belt, with minimal overlap with existing categories of protected natural areas of only 14.16% and 6.84%, respectively. A strategic increase of the area of protected areas could include 48.6% of the geographical distribution of endemic species of the Southern Sierra Madre Oriental–Eastern Transmexican Volcanic Belt and 39.8% of the Northern Sierra Madre Oriental. This information allows us to determine priority conservation areas complementing the current network of protected areas and to guide the conservation decision-making processes in the long-term protection of Pinguicula.