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<p>This study deals with <i>Tofieldia calyculata</i> (L.) Wahlenb., an endangered plant species associated with fen habitats. We compared the population dynamics of ten populations of the species in three different habitats (fens, wet slopes and alpine grasslands) in different mountain ranges and lowlands of Central Europe with the aim to propose appropriate management for declining lowland fen populations. We analysed the data using integral projection models. We also tested the best conditions for seedling recruitment by creating experimental sowing plots with four different management regimes. Most of the vital rates depended on the type of habitat. This strongly affected inflorescence damage and seedling establishment, with fen populations having more damaged inflorescences and lower seedling establishment, leading to their slow decline. Experimental disturbances and the removal of aboveground biomass and litter were necessary for seedling establishment in fens. The management of the remaining lowland fen populations should focus not only on mowing, but also on litter removal and on the creation of disturbances to support seedling recruitment. Even a small proportion of seeds germinating in a disturbed plot can increase the population growth rate of fen populations to above 1. In contrast to fen populations, high seedling establishment and a low proportion of damaged inflorescences on wet slopes and alpine grasslands allows for high rates of generative reproduction, resulting in stable or growing populations. These populations currently do not need any specific management.</p>

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Demographic characteristics of populations of Tofieldia calyculata growing in three different habitat types – implications for species conservation

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月1日

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  • Tomáš Vlasta,
  • Terezie Šimáková,
  • Zuzana Münzbergová

摘要

This study deals with Tofieldia calyculata (L.) Wahlenb., an endangered plant species associated with fen habitats. We compared the population dynamics of ten populations of the species in three different habitats (fens, wet slopes and alpine grasslands) in different mountain ranges and lowlands of Central Europe with the aim to propose appropriate management for declining lowland fen populations. We analysed the data using integral projection models. We also tested the best conditions for seedling recruitment by creating experimental sowing plots with four different management regimes. Most of the vital rates depended on the type of habitat. This strongly affected inflorescence damage and seedling establishment, with fen populations having more damaged inflorescences and lower seedling establishment, leading to their slow decline. Experimental disturbances and the removal of aboveground biomass and litter were necessary for seedling establishment in fens. The management of the remaining lowland fen populations should focus not only on mowing, but also on litter removal and on the creation of disturbances to support seedling recruitment. Even a small proportion of seeds germinating in a disturbed plot can increase the population growth rate of fen populations to above 1. In contrast to fen populations, high seedling establishment and a low proportion of damaged inflorescences on wet slopes and alpine grasslands allows for high rates of generative reproduction, resulting in stable or growing populations. These populations currently do not need any specific management.