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<p>The tropical fungus <i>Trichoderma asperellum</i> was identified as a novel acetaminophen degrader, achieving 88.8% removal of 1&#xa0;g/L acetaminophen in liquid culture under optimal conditions (pH 4.7, 0.55% w/v salinity, 9.7&#xa0;g/L glucose, and 4.5&#xa0;g/L peptone). A unique enzyme pattern, predominantly dioxygenase (146 U/mL on day 7), exhibited a degradation mechanism distinct from the ligninolytic enzyme system traditionally associated with fungal biodegradation. The GC-MS analysis has identified some intermediates, including p-aminophenol, 1,3-dihydroxybenzene, phenol, and butenoic acid. At the same time, some of the metabolites have not been reported previously in fungal degradation of acetaminophen. The distinct pattern of enzyme response and the identification of novel intermediates indicate that <i>T. asperellum</i> follows a distinct oxidative hydrolytic route, highlighting its potential as a new fungal candidate for the bioremediation of pharmaceuticals.</p>

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Microbial degradation of acetaminophen, a pharmaceutical compound, using the ascomycete fungus Trichoderma asperellum

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月9日

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  • Upeksha Gayangani Jayasekara,
  • Tony Hadibarata,
  • Muhammad Noor Hazwan Jusoh,
  • Paran Gani,
  • Inn Shi Tan,
  • Adhi Yuniarto,
  • Noorul Hudai Abdullah

摘要

The tropical fungus Trichoderma asperellum was identified as a novel acetaminophen degrader, achieving 88.8% removal of 1 g/L acetaminophen in liquid culture under optimal conditions (pH 4.7, 0.55% w/v salinity, 9.7 g/L glucose, and 4.5 g/L peptone). A unique enzyme pattern, predominantly dioxygenase (146 U/mL on day 7), exhibited a degradation mechanism distinct from the ligninolytic enzyme system traditionally associated with fungal biodegradation. The GC-MS analysis has identified some intermediates, including p-aminophenol, 1,3-dihydroxybenzene, phenol, and butenoic acid. At the same time, some of the metabolites have not been reported previously in fungal degradation of acetaminophen. The distinct pattern of enzyme response and the identification of novel intermediates indicate that T. asperellum follows a distinct oxidative hydrolytic route, highlighting its potential as a new fungal candidate for the bioremediation of pharmaceuticals.