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<p>This study presents a novel three-dimensional woven re-entrant honeycomb composite (3DRHWC) fabricated by an integrated 3D weaving and vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) process. A linear elastic theoretical model accounting for small-radius arc effects is established, and analytical solutions for the equivalent elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio under in-plane compression are derived based on beam theory and the energy method. Finite element simulations and compression experiments on multi‑cell specimens reveal the regulatory effects of re‑entrant angle <i>θ</i>, wall thickness <i>t</i>, and fillet radius <i>R</i> on the anisotropic mechanical properties. As <i>θ</i> increases from 30° to 70°, the equivalent elastic modulus <i>E</i><sub><i>y</i></sub> increases nearly sevenfold (from 0.070 to 0.473&#xa0;MPa). All specimens exhibit a distinct negative Poisson’s ratio effect, which strengthens as <i>θ</i> decreases. Increasing the fillet radius suppresses the negative Poisson’s ratio while enhancing structural stiffness. This work establishes a comprehensive “theory‑simulation‑experiment” framework, providing a foundation for designable auxetic textile composites in flexible skins, impact protection, and lightweight load‑bearing structures.</p>

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A 3D Woven Auxetic Composite with Programmable Negative Poisson’s Ratio: Fabrication, Modeling, and Parametric Tailoring

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月18日

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  • Longxin Gu,
  • Sun Shien,
  • Zheng Chengyu,
  • He Ruiman,
  • Zhaoqun Du

摘要

This study presents a novel three-dimensional woven re-entrant honeycomb composite (3DRHWC) fabricated by an integrated 3D weaving and vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) process. A linear elastic theoretical model accounting for small-radius arc effects is established, and analytical solutions for the equivalent elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio under in-plane compression are derived based on beam theory and the energy method. Finite element simulations and compression experiments on multi‑cell specimens reveal the regulatory effects of re‑entrant angle θ, wall thickness t, and fillet radius R on the anisotropic mechanical properties. As θ increases from 30° to 70°, the equivalent elastic modulus Ey increases nearly sevenfold (from 0.070 to 0.473 MPa). All specimens exhibit a distinct negative Poisson’s ratio effect, which strengthens as θ decreases. Increasing the fillet radius suppresses the negative Poisson’s ratio while enhancing structural stiffness. This work establishes a comprehensive “theory‑simulation‑experiment” framework, providing a foundation for designable auxetic textile composites in flexible skins, impact protection, and lightweight load‑bearing structures.