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<p>Functionally graded material (FGM) is a type of material where its properties change with respect to its volume fraction. Due to their lightweight characteristics, they are used in many kinds of applications including aerospace, civil structures, etc. In this paper, a stepwise graded FGM sandwich beam was fabricated using glass fibre-reinforced polymer incorporated with graphene fillers to study the dynamic behaviour. A honeycomb structure was used as the core material. Experimentally, the material properties of the facesheets were obtained in compliance with ASTM D3039 and ASTM D3518. FESEM analysis revealed that there was a uniform dispersion of graphene in the facesheets. Alternative dynamic method was implemented. Experimental testing of the fabricated FGM beam was conducted using impact hammer test, and the natural frequencies were extracted. Further, the numerical analysis is carried out using ANSYS by developing a model and subjected to modal analysis. Literature validation was conducted using the results of the available literature to ensure that the developed model exhibiting an expected trend. The numerical validation is conducted using the experimental results to confirm the accuracy of the model. Clamped–free and clamped–clamped boundary conditions were used for the vibration analysis. The coefficient of variation is the range of 3.6–4.8%, which confirms the reliability of estimated material properties. A parametric study was done to investigate the influences of ply orientation, graphene gradation, aspect ratio and core thickness on vibrational behaviour of the beam.</p>

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Dynamic Analysis of a Functionally Graded Sandwich Beam with 3D-Printed Honeycomb Core and Graphene Filler Reinforcement on Composite Facesheets

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月14日

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  • Gokulakrishnan Jayachandiran,
  • Manoharan Ramamoorthy

摘要

Functionally graded material (FGM) is a type of material where its properties change with respect to its volume fraction. Due to their lightweight characteristics, they are used in many kinds of applications including aerospace, civil structures, etc. In this paper, a stepwise graded FGM sandwich beam was fabricated using glass fibre-reinforced polymer incorporated with graphene fillers to study the dynamic behaviour. A honeycomb structure was used as the core material. Experimentally, the material properties of the facesheets were obtained in compliance with ASTM D3039 and ASTM D3518. FESEM analysis revealed that there was a uniform dispersion of graphene in the facesheets. Alternative dynamic method was implemented. Experimental testing of the fabricated FGM beam was conducted using impact hammer test, and the natural frequencies were extracted. Further, the numerical analysis is carried out using ANSYS by developing a model and subjected to modal analysis. Literature validation was conducted using the results of the available literature to ensure that the developed model exhibiting an expected trend. The numerical validation is conducted using the experimental results to confirm the accuracy of the model. Clamped–free and clamped–clamped boundary conditions were used for the vibration analysis. The coefficient of variation is the range of 3.6–4.8%, which confirms the reliability of estimated material properties. A parametric study was done to investigate the influences of ply orientation, graphene gradation, aspect ratio and core thickness on vibrational behaviour of the beam.