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<p>To address the inadequate mechanical properties of pure cellulose nanoaerogels, which are constrained by the dispersion solid content, in this study, the construction of binary (CNF/CMC) and ternary (CNF/CMC/c-CNC) nanocellulose composite aerogels was achieved by the composite utilization of cellulose nanofibers (CNF), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (c-CNC). The addition of CMC weakens the intermolecular hydrogen bonds between cellulose molecules, enhances the cellulose-based solid content, and transforms the aerogel structure from a monolayer to a lamellar bridging. Such structure leading the 234% and 635% increase in the specific strength from 4.77 to 15.91&#xa0;kN·m/kg and the specific modulus from 0.34 to 2.50&#xa0;kPa/(kg/m<sup>3</sup>) at 80% strain, respectively. When further introduction of c-CNC, the specific strength and specific modulus of the ternary composite aerogel were found to be 19.85&#xa0;kN·m/kg and 4.73&#xa0;kPa/(kg/m<sup>3</sup>), respectively, while maintaining a high porosity (&gt; 95%). This multicomponent design strategy has the effect of overcoming the solid content limitation of pure CNF dispersion, while also achieving a synergistic optimization of properties by regulating the internal mechanical structure of the aerogels.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Composition and Structure Regulation Toward Mechanical Enhancement of Nanocellulose Composite Aerogels

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月13日

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  • Yiting Cheng,
  • Qin Qin,
  • Rubei Hu,
  • Shiyuan Wang,
  • Yong Huang,
  • Chunmei Zhang,
  • Xiaoshuai Han,
  • Shaohua Jiang

摘要

To address the inadequate mechanical properties of pure cellulose nanoaerogels, which are constrained by the dispersion solid content, in this study, the construction of binary (CNF/CMC) and ternary (CNF/CMC/c-CNC) nanocellulose composite aerogels was achieved by the composite utilization of cellulose nanofibers (CNF), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (c-CNC). The addition of CMC weakens the intermolecular hydrogen bonds between cellulose molecules, enhances the cellulose-based solid content, and transforms the aerogel structure from a monolayer to a lamellar bridging. Such structure leading the 234% and 635% increase in the specific strength from 4.77 to 15.91 kN·m/kg and the specific modulus from 0.34 to 2.50 kPa/(kg/m3) at 80% strain, respectively. When further introduction of c-CNC, the specific strength and specific modulus of the ternary composite aerogel were found to be 19.85 kN·m/kg and 4.73 kPa/(kg/m3), respectively, while maintaining a high porosity (> 95%). This multicomponent design strategy has the effect of overcoming the solid content limitation of pure CNF dispersion, while also achieving a synergistic optimization of properties by regulating the internal mechanical structure of the aerogels.

Graphical Abstract