<p>In this study, a semisynthetic azo dye was synthesized through an environmentally benign azo coupling reaction between a natural extract from <i>Tagetes erecta</i> (marigold) flowers and 1,5-diaminonaphthalene (1,5-DAN). The process involved diazotization of 1,5-DAN under mild acidic conditions to generate a diazonium intermediate, which was then coupled with the renewable natural extract to produce a structurally robust and high-performance dye. This hybrid approach integrates renewable biomass with synthetic intermediates, reducing dependence on fully synthetic petrochemical dyes. The dyeing of polyester fabric was evaluated via kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic models, revealing that adsorption follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic model and fits the Nernst isotherm, indicating favorable dye–fiber interactions and uniform surface adsorption. Dyeing under varying pH conditions resulted in stable brown shades exhibiting excellent fastness properties comparable to commercial disperse dyes. This work exemplifies a sustainable textile coloration strategy aligned with green chemistry principles, highlighting the use of renewable feedstocks, mild reaction conditions, and minimized environmental impact, thus offering a promising route toward eco-friendly textile processing.</p> Graphic Abstract <p></p>

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Sustainable Dyeing of Polyester with 1,5-Diaminonaphthalene-Modified Marigold Dye: Preparation, Dyeing Performance, and Adsorption Kinetics

  • Pawan J. Maharana,
  • Ankita Hatwar,
  • Mohammad Shahid,
  • Saptarshi Maiti,
  • Sandeep P. More,
  • Ravindra V. Adivarekar

摘要

In this study, a semisynthetic azo dye was synthesized through an environmentally benign azo coupling reaction between a natural extract from Tagetes erecta (marigold) flowers and 1,5-diaminonaphthalene (1,5-DAN). The process involved diazotization of 1,5-DAN under mild acidic conditions to generate a diazonium intermediate, which was then coupled with the renewable natural extract to produce a structurally robust and high-performance dye. This hybrid approach integrates renewable biomass with synthetic intermediates, reducing dependence on fully synthetic petrochemical dyes. The dyeing of polyester fabric was evaluated via kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic models, revealing that adsorption follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic model and fits the Nernst isotherm, indicating favorable dye–fiber interactions and uniform surface adsorption. Dyeing under varying pH conditions resulted in stable brown shades exhibiting excellent fastness properties comparable to commercial disperse dyes. This work exemplifies a sustainable textile coloration strategy aligned with green chemistry principles, highlighting the use of renewable feedstocks, mild reaction conditions, and minimized environmental impact, thus offering a promising route toward eco-friendly textile processing.

Graphic Abstract