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<p>This study explores the treatment of PET-based knitted fabric with beeswax, focusing on optimizing the application process and evaluating the resulting properties. Beeswax composition was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). An efficient coating method was developed, and the treated fabric's performance was assessed. A Box–Behnken experimental design optimized key parameters, including beeswax concentration, drying temperature, and curing temperature. The fabric underwent a detailed analysis of its morphological changes, colorimetric properties, and functional characteristics, including its contact angle and water resistance. Results showed the beeswax-treated fabric exhibited significant hydrophobicity, with a contact angle exceeding 100°, good wash and crock fastness, and excellent light fastness. Durability tests confirmed hydrophobicity remained acceptable, with a contact angle of 95°. Density functional theory (DFT) simulations further investigated molecular interactions between beeswax and PET-based textiles, providing strong evidence supporting treatment effectiveness. As a result, beeswax-treated knitted fabrics are ideal for diverse sectors, offering versatile opportunities for innovative textile product development.</p>

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Optimization of Innovative Beeswax Coatings on Knitted Fabrics Supported by DFT Analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月9日

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  • Wafa Ghedira,
  • Marwa Souissi,
  • Fernando Carrillo Navarrete,
  • Chedly Boudokhane,
  • Hatem Dhaouadi

摘要

This study explores the treatment of PET-based knitted fabric with beeswax, focusing on optimizing the application process and evaluating the resulting properties. Beeswax composition was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). An efficient coating method was developed, and the treated fabric's performance was assessed. A Box–Behnken experimental design optimized key parameters, including beeswax concentration, drying temperature, and curing temperature. The fabric underwent a detailed analysis of its morphological changes, colorimetric properties, and functional characteristics, including its contact angle and water resistance. Results showed the beeswax-treated fabric exhibited significant hydrophobicity, with a contact angle exceeding 100°, good wash and crock fastness, and excellent light fastness. Durability tests confirmed hydrophobicity remained acceptable, with a contact angle of 95°. Density functional theory (DFT) simulations further investigated molecular interactions between beeswax and PET-based textiles, providing strong evidence supporting treatment effectiveness. As a result, beeswax-treated knitted fabrics are ideal for diverse sectors, offering versatile opportunities for innovative textile product development.