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<p>This study investigates the role of graphene oxide (GO)–attapulgite (ATT) hybrid fillers in optimizing the mechanical and shape memory properties of basalt fiber (BF)-reinforced epoxy composites. Composites with varying GO:ATT ratios (1:0 to 1:14) were fabricated via vacuum infiltration hot pressing system (VIHPS), and their microstructure, porosity, density, flexural strength, and shape memory performance were systematically characterized. Key findings reveal that a GO:ATT ratio of 1:9 delivers optimal performance. Mechanical properties: flexural strength peaks at 505.94&#xa0;MPa (28.92% enhancement over GO-only composites), attributed to ATT-induced interfacial roughness and improved resin infiltration; Shape memory behavior: ATT addition elevates shape recovery rate by 4.28%, recovery force by 36.77%, and accelerates recovery kinetics, while slightly reducing shape fixation. Microstructural analysis demonstrates that ATT nanofillers: bridge gaps between GO and BF, enhancing resin flow and reducing voids; increase GO surface roughness, strengthening interfacial friction and bonding. However, excessive ATT triggers aggregation, impairing resin penetration and degrading performance. These results provide actionable insights for designing high-performance shape memory composites through nanofiller hybridization, balancing interfacial engineering and processability.</p>

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Effects of Graphene Oxide–Attapulgite Ratios on Bending and Shape Memory Properties of Basalt Composites Fabricated by VIHPS

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月19日

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  • Xinran Liu,
  • Yuqin Ma,
  • Chengshan Li,
  • Yuyang Zhang,
  • Yanni Shi,
  • Guochao Song

摘要

This study investigates the role of graphene oxide (GO)–attapulgite (ATT) hybrid fillers in optimizing the mechanical and shape memory properties of basalt fiber (BF)-reinforced epoxy composites. Composites with varying GO:ATT ratios (1:0 to 1:14) were fabricated via vacuum infiltration hot pressing system (VIHPS), and their microstructure, porosity, density, flexural strength, and shape memory performance were systematically characterized. Key findings reveal that a GO:ATT ratio of 1:9 delivers optimal performance. Mechanical properties: flexural strength peaks at 505.94 MPa (28.92% enhancement over GO-only composites), attributed to ATT-induced interfacial roughness and improved resin infiltration; Shape memory behavior: ATT addition elevates shape recovery rate by 4.28%, recovery force by 36.77%, and accelerates recovery kinetics, while slightly reducing shape fixation. Microstructural analysis demonstrates that ATT nanofillers: bridge gaps between GO and BF, enhancing resin flow and reducing voids; increase GO surface roughness, strengthening interfacial friction and bonding. However, excessive ATT triggers aggregation, impairing resin penetration and degrading performance. These results provide actionable insights for designing high-performance shape memory composites through nanofiller hybridization, balancing interfacial engineering and processability.