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<p>Ecosystems are increasingly threatened by intensive oil exploitation and frequent oil spills, underscoring the need for efficient, sustainable, and cost-effective separation technologies. In this study, a bio-based, magnetic, and superhydrophobic oil–water separation membrane was fabricated by electrospinning polylactic acid/polycaprolactone (PLA/PCL) nanofibers embedded with magnetic nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄) onto the surface of commercial cotton textiles (CT). The Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were synthesized via a hydrothermal route and characterized using FT-IR, XRD, UV–Vis, VSM, and TEM, revealing a uniform spherical morphology with an average diameter of 28.23&#xa0;nm. Nanofibrous mats containing 1–3 wt% Fe₃O₄ were deposited onto CT to obtain membranes of varying thickness and magnetic responsiveness. The membranes were comprehensively characterized by FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM, TGA, WCA, and tensile strength tests. The incorporation of PCL improved the flexibility and mechanical strength of the PLA matrix, while the addition of Fe₃O₄ significantly enhanced the thermal stability and surface roughness, contributing to increased hydrophobicity (maximum WCA: 155.43°) and superoleophilicity (oil contact angle ≈ 0°). The membranes exhibited excellent oil–water separation efficiency (&gt; 98%), high permeation flux (&gt; 8000 L·m⁻<sup>2</sup>·h⁻<sup>1</sup>), and notable oil absorption capacity (18.5&#xa0;g/g), and could be easily recovered using an external magnet. Furthermore, the membrane maintained its separation efficiency over ten consecutive cycles, demonstrating high reusability. These findings suggest that PLA/PCL/Fe₃O₄-modified CT membranes offer a promising, eco-friendly, and reusable platform for practical oil spill remediation.</p>

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Preparation of Superhydrophobic Cotton Textile Modified with Magnetic Nanoparticle-Loaded PLA/PCL Nanofiber Mats for Efficient Oil–Water Separation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月3日

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  • Fatma Bayram

摘要

Ecosystems are increasingly threatened by intensive oil exploitation and frequent oil spills, underscoring the need for efficient, sustainable, and cost-effective separation technologies. In this study, a bio-based, magnetic, and superhydrophobic oil–water separation membrane was fabricated by electrospinning polylactic acid/polycaprolactone (PLA/PCL) nanofibers embedded with magnetic nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄) onto the surface of commercial cotton textiles (CT). The Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were synthesized via a hydrothermal route and characterized using FT-IR, XRD, UV–Vis, VSM, and TEM, revealing a uniform spherical morphology with an average diameter of 28.23 nm. Nanofibrous mats containing 1–3 wt% Fe₃O₄ were deposited onto CT to obtain membranes of varying thickness and magnetic responsiveness. The membranes were comprehensively characterized by FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM, TGA, WCA, and tensile strength tests. The incorporation of PCL improved the flexibility and mechanical strength of the PLA matrix, while the addition of Fe₃O₄ significantly enhanced the thermal stability and surface roughness, contributing to increased hydrophobicity (maximum WCA: 155.43°) and superoleophilicity (oil contact angle ≈ 0°). The membranes exhibited excellent oil–water separation efficiency (> 98%), high permeation flux (> 8000 L·m⁻2·h⁻1), and notable oil absorption capacity (18.5 g/g), and could be easily recovered using an external magnet. Furthermore, the membrane maintained its separation efficiency over ten consecutive cycles, demonstrating high reusability. These findings suggest that PLA/PCL/Fe₃O₄-modified CT membranes offer a promising, eco-friendly, and reusable platform for practical oil spill remediation.