<p>In this paper, we introduce a pair of multiplication-like operators, <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(L_0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(L_1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, which derive <i>k</i>-regular functions from <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\((k+1)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-regular functions. The investigation of the inverse problem naturally leads to a deeper study of the 2-Cauchy-Fueter equation. In doing so, we provide a new acyclic resolution for the sheaf of 2-regular functions <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathcal {R}^{(2)}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">R</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Furthermore, a complete topological characterization for the solvability of the 2-Cauchy–Fueter equation is established. Specifically, we prove that the 2-Cauchy–Fueter equation <Equation ID="Equ47"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( \mathscr {D}^{(2)}f=g \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <msup> <mi mathvariant="script">D</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mi>f</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>g</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>is solvable for any <i>g</i> satisfying <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathscr {D}_1^{(2)}g=0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi mathvariant="script">D</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mi>g</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> on a domain <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^4\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>⊂</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>4</mn> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> if and only if <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(H^3(\Omega , \mathbb {R}) = 0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>H</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, or equivalently, if and only if every real-valued harmonic function on <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> can be represented as the real part of a quaternionic regular function.</p>

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A Pair of Multiplication-Type Operators in Quaternionic Analysis and the 2-Cauchy-Fueter Equation

  • Yong Li,
  • Yuchen Zhang

摘要

In this paper, we introduce a pair of multiplication-like operators, \(L_0\) L 0 and \(L_1\) L 1 , which derive k-regular functions from \((k+1)\) ( k + 1 ) -regular functions. The investigation of the inverse problem naturally leads to a deeper study of the 2-Cauchy-Fueter equation. In doing so, we provide a new acyclic resolution for the sheaf of 2-regular functions \(\mathcal {R}^{(2)}\) R ( 2 ) . Furthermore, a complete topological characterization for the solvability of the 2-Cauchy–Fueter equation is established. Specifically, we prove that the 2-Cauchy–Fueter equation \( \mathscr {D}^{(2)}f=g \) D ( 2 ) f = g is solvable for any g satisfying \(\mathscr {D}_1^{(2)}g=0\) D 1 ( 2 ) g = 0 on a domain \(\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^4\) Ω R 4 if and only if \(H^3(\Omega , \mathbb {R}) = 0\) H 3 ( Ω , R ) = 0 , or equivalently, if and only if every real-valued harmonic function on \(\Omega \) Ω can be represented as the real part of a quaternionic regular function.