<p>In this paper, we study the precise asymptotics of Type-IIb solutions to Ricci flow on <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12220_2025_2012_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="34" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {R}^{n+1}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. In each dimension <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12220_2025_2012_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="15" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="71" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n+1\ge 3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and for each real number <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12220_2025_2012_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="42" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lambda &gt;0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>λ</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, we construct complete rotationally symmetric solutions to Ricci flow on <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12220_2025_2012_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="34" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {R}^{n+1}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> that form in infinite time Type-IIb singularities with the curvature blow-up rate <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12220_2025_2012_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="30" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(t^{\lambda -1}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>t</mi> <mrow> <mi>λ</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Near the origin, the blow-ups of such a solution converge uniformly to the Bryant soliton; near spatial infinity, the solution is asymptotically flat at a precise rate depending on <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="12220_2025_2012_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="15" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lambda \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>λ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>.</p>

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Asymptotic Analysis of Ricci Flow on \(\mathbb {R}^{n+1}\) with Type-IIb Singularities

  • Haotian Wu

摘要

In this paper, we study the precise asymptotics of Type-IIb solutions to Ricci flow on \(\mathbb {R}^{n+1}\) R n + 1 . In each dimension \(n+1\ge 3\) n + 1 3 and for each real number \(\lambda >0\) λ > 0 , we construct complete rotationally symmetric solutions to Ricci flow on \(\mathbb {R}^{n+1}\) R n + 1 that form in infinite time Type-IIb singularities with the curvature blow-up rate \(t^{\lambda -1}\) t λ - 1 . Near the origin, the blow-ups of such a solution converge uniformly to the Bryant soliton; near spatial infinity, the solution is asymptotically flat at a precise rate depending on \(\lambda \) λ .