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<p>This study was designed to evaluate the clinical utility of performance validity tests (PVT), symptom inventories, and the finger tapping test (FTT) in the differential diagnosis between somatic (SOM) and mood disorders (MOOD). Archival data were collected from 165 patients referred for neuropsychological assessment evaluated using a combination of objective tests and self-report inventories. Performance and symptom validity were psychometrically defined. An FTT dominant hand validity cutoff of T ≤ 33 achieved .55 sensitivity at .93 specificity. Patients with SOM were 2 to 3 times more likely to fail PVTs than patients with MOOD. Symptom inventories produced mixed results. Patients with SOM were six times more likely to score &lt; 37 on the Beck Depression Inventory – Second Edition (BDI-II) than patients with MOOD. Combining these two psychometric indicators (FTT dominant hand T ≤ 33 and BDI-II &lt; 37) best differentiated SOM from MOOD, correctly classifying 73% of the sample (.30 sensitivity at .89 specificity). The FTT as an embedded validity indicator is a promising and cost-effective measure in the differential diagnosis between SOM and MOOD. Data from multiple independent PVTs and symptom inventories provide additional information to better characterize the clinical presentation associated with these diagnoses. However, assessors may have to come to terms with the possibility that differentiating between SOM and MOOD is a challenging task with no clear psychometric solution.</p>

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Performance Validity Tests Can Enhance the Differential Diagnosis of Somatic Disorders

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月23日

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  • Chantal M. Boucher,
  • Sarah Schneider,
  • Michael Bayrhammer-Savel,
  • Bradley T. Tyson,
  • Esteban Puente-Lopez,
  • Johann Lehrner,
  • Randy Frankcis Perez Morales,
  • Iulia Crisan,
  • Laszlo A. Erdodi

摘要

This study was designed to evaluate the clinical utility of performance validity tests (PVT), symptom inventories, and the finger tapping test (FTT) in the differential diagnosis between somatic (SOM) and mood disorders (MOOD). Archival data were collected from 165 patients referred for neuropsychological assessment evaluated using a combination of objective tests and self-report inventories. Performance and symptom validity were psychometrically defined. An FTT dominant hand validity cutoff of T ≤ 33 achieved .55 sensitivity at .93 specificity. Patients with SOM were 2 to 3 times more likely to fail PVTs than patients with MOOD. Symptom inventories produced mixed results. Patients with SOM were six times more likely to score < 37 on the Beck Depression Inventory – Second Edition (BDI-II) than patients with MOOD. Combining these two psychometric indicators (FTT dominant hand T ≤ 33 and BDI-II < 37) best differentiated SOM from MOOD, correctly classifying 73% of the sample (.30 sensitivity at .89 specificity). The FTT as an embedded validity indicator is a promising and cost-effective measure in the differential diagnosis between SOM and MOOD. Data from multiple independent PVTs and symptom inventories provide additional information to better characterize the clinical presentation associated with these diagnoses. However, assessors may have to come to terms with the possibility that differentiating between SOM and MOOD is a challenging task with no clear psychometric solution.