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<p>Nickel-titanium (NiTi) shape memory alloys (SMAs) are renowned for their exceptional functional characteristics, including the shape memory effect (SME) and pseudoelasticity (PSE), coupled with excellent ductility, corrosion resistance, and stability. Conventional fabrication methods face challenges like high costs and limited geometric complexity. Laser-directed energy deposition (L-DED) has emerged as a promising alternative for fabricating NiTi components. Specifically, the in-situ synthesis of NiTi from elemental Ni and Ti powders offers significant advantages, such as cost reduction and enhanced flexibility in tailoring phase transformation temperatures and functional properties, while also mitigating the formation of undesirable secondary phases. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the current state of L-DED in-situ synthesis for NiTi alloys. It systematically examines the microstructural evolution, phase composition, phase transformation behavior, functional performance, mechanical strength and their key influencing factors. Furthermore, the review addresses existing challenges, proposes potential solutions, and outlines future research directions to advance this promising manufacturing approach.</p>

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In-situ synthesis of NiTi alloys from elemental Ni and Ti powders by laser-directed energy deposition: A review of achievements and future perspectives

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月22日

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  • Dongzhe Zhang,
  • Jing Zhang,
  • Penghui Zhang,
  • Shaojun Lv

摘要

Nickel-titanium (NiTi) shape memory alloys (SMAs) are renowned for their exceptional functional characteristics, including the shape memory effect (SME) and pseudoelasticity (PSE), coupled with excellent ductility, corrosion resistance, and stability. Conventional fabrication methods face challenges like high costs and limited geometric complexity. Laser-directed energy deposition (L-DED) has emerged as a promising alternative for fabricating NiTi components. Specifically, the in-situ synthesis of NiTi from elemental Ni and Ti powders offers significant advantages, such as cost reduction and enhanced flexibility in tailoring phase transformation temperatures and functional properties, while also mitigating the formation of undesirable secondary phases. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the current state of L-DED in-situ synthesis for NiTi alloys. It systematically examines the microstructural evolution, phase composition, phase transformation behavior, functional performance, mechanical strength and their key influencing factors. Furthermore, the review addresses existing challenges, proposes potential solutions, and outlines future research directions to advance this promising manufacturing approach.