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<p>This study investigates the tribological characteristics of polyamide-imide (PAI)-based composite coatings containing 14 different additives as potential PFAS-free alternatives. Various solid lubricants and functional fillers were incorporated into the PAI matrix and evaluated for surface morphology, roughness, wettability, and tribological performance. Short-term and long-term tests were performed to analyze the effects of additives and heat treatment. Among the tested materials, PTFE-containing coating demonstrated the lowest friction coefficient while maintaining excellent wear resistance. Ti<sub>3</sub>AlC<sub>2</sub>-containing coating exhibited superior wear resistance, showing promise as a PFAS-free alternative. Heat treatment significantly improved the long-term performance of selected coatings, with PTFE, ZnO, and Ti<sub>3</sub>AlC<sub>2</sub> demonstrating exceptional durability. This study provides fundamental data for developing environmentally sustainable solid lubricant coatings and contributes to advancing PFAS-free tribological solutions for industrial applications.</p>

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Tribological performance of polyamide-imide based composite coatings with various solid lubricant additives for PFAS-free applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月10日

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  • Sung-Jun Lee,
  • Hye-Min Kwon,
  • Chan-Woo Kim,
  • Hee Sup Shin,
  • Yool Koo Kim,
  • Chang-Lae Kim

摘要

This study investigates the tribological characteristics of polyamide-imide (PAI)-based composite coatings containing 14 different additives as potential PFAS-free alternatives. Various solid lubricants and functional fillers were incorporated into the PAI matrix and evaluated for surface morphology, roughness, wettability, and tribological performance. Short-term and long-term tests were performed to analyze the effects of additives and heat treatment. Among the tested materials, PTFE-containing coating demonstrated the lowest friction coefficient while maintaining excellent wear resistance. Ti3AlC2-containing coating exhibited superior wear resistance, showing promise as a PFAS-free alternative. Heat treatment significantly improved the long-term performance of selected coatings, with PTFE, ZnO, and Ti3AlC2 demonstrating exceptional durability. This study provides fundamental data for developing environmentally sustainable solid lubricant coatings and contributes to advancing PFAS-free tribological solutions for industrial applications.