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<p>This study presents the development and evaluation of a novel eutectic phase change material (PCM) composite for enhanced thermal management in photovoltaic (PV) systems. The composite was formulated with 50 wt% Glauber’s salt, 30 wt% graphite, and 20 wt% aluminum oxide to improve thermal conductivity, latent heat storage capacity, and structural stability. Real-time outdoor experiments were conducted in Coimbatore, India, using two 5 W PV modules, one integrated with the composite and one without. The PCM-integrated module achieved a maximum surface temperature reduction of 4.3 °C and a 3.3 % increase in electrical efficiency under peak solar irradiance. Thermochemical analysis, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy confirmed the enhanced thermo-physical and structural properties of the composite. These findings highlight the potential of the eutectic PCM composite for scalable PV cooling applications, offering an effective approach to improve solar energy efficiency and contribute to sustainable energy technologies.</p>

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Performance enhancement of solar photovoltaic panels using a nano-enhanced phase change material composite under real-time conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月9日

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  • Muthukumar Murugesan,
  • V. S. Chandrika,
  • Ajithkumar Sitharaj,
  • Kalaivanan Karuppannan

摘要

This study presents the development and evaluation of a novel eutectic phase change material (PCM) composite for enhanced thermal management in photovoltaic (PV) systems. The composite was formulated with 50 wt% Glauber’s salt, 30 wt% graphite, and 20 wt% aluminum oxide to improve thermal conductivity, latent heat storage capacity, and structural stability. Real-time outdoor experiments were conducted in Coimbatore, India, using two 5 W PV modules, one integrated with the composite and one without. The PCM-integrated module achieved a maximum surface temperature reduction of 4.3 °C and a 3.3 % increase in electrical efficiency under peak solar irradiance. Thermochemical analysis, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy confirmed the enhanced thermo-physical and structural properties of the composite. These findings highlight the potential of the eutectic PCM composite for scalable PV cooling applications, offering an effective approach to improve solar energy efficiency and contribute to sustainable energy technologies.