<p>This study aims to explore methods for understanding and practically applying measurement uncertainty in industrial settings. The limitations of conventional control charts in adequately reflecting measurement uncertainty were identified, highlighting the need for new management tools to address these shortcomings. Using a coordinate measuring machine (CMM), the flatness of semiconductor components was measured, and detailed procedures for estimating measurement uncertainty were presented. Based on this, a guard band chart (GBC) incorporating measurement uncertainty was designed, and its applicability was examined through experiments. The GBC was developed to visualize tolerance limits in real-time, integrate measurement uncertainty into quality management, and support operator responses to quality deviations. This study focuses on addressing the limitations of conventional control charts and proposes a structured approach to incorporating measurement uncertainty into quality management practices.</p>