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<p>Smoke and toxic gases from fires obstruct visibility, posing a critical evacuation risk. Smoke particle size and composition influence light scattering and absorption, affecting optical density. Understanding the relationships among particle size distribution, chemical composition, and optical properties is essential for fire safety. This study examines these correlations by measuring smoke optical density and size distribution under flaming and non-flaming conditions using an optical particle counter and a smoke density chamber. Analysis revealed that soot, primarily carbon-based, was the dominant component. As specific optical density increased, the proportion of smaller particles (0.25–0.3 µm) decreased, while larger particles (0.3–0.41 µm) increased. With higher radiant heat and ignition, the particle size causing maximum light extinction peaked at 0.3–0.41 µm. These findings enhance understanding of smoke optical properties and their impact on visibility during fires, aiding evacuation safety.</p>

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Effects of size and composition of smoke particles from polymethyl methacrylate combustion on light extinction

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月3日

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  • Seonhyo Lee,
  • Jung-Hun Noh,
  • Joonho Jeon

摘要

Smoke and toxic gases from fires obstruct visibility, posing a critical evacuation risk. Smoke particle size and composition influence light scattering and absorption, affecting optical density. Understanding the relationships among particle size distribution, chemical composition, and optical properties is essential for fire safety. This study examines these correlations by measuring smoke optical density and size distribution under flaming and non-flaming conditions using an optical particle counter and a smoke density chamber. Analysis revealed that soot, primarily carbon-based, was the dominant component. As specific optical density increased, the proportion of smaller particles (0.25–0.3 µm) decreased, while larger particles (0.3–0.41 µm) increased. With higher radiant heat and ignition, the particle size causing maximum light extinction peaked at 0.3–0.41 µm. These findings enhance understanding of smoke optical properties and their impact on visibility during fires, aiding evacuation safety.