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<p>In this work, we study a fractional two-strain epidemic model with non-monotonic incidence rates, incorporating treatment of each strain. The proposed model consists of six ordinary differential equations describing interactions among the susceptible, exposed, infected and removed individuals. Our first mathematical study focuses of proving the existence and uniqueness of positive solutions. To show the global stability of the model equilibria, suitable Lyapunov functions are used. Numerical simulations are performed to support the analytical results and to show the effect of the fractional derivative on convergence toward equilibria. Moreover, the role of treatment efficiency in minimizing the density of infected individuals is studied.</p>

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A fractional two-strain epidemic model with non-monotonic incidence rates and treatment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月27日

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  • Zakaria Yaagoub,
  • Karam Allali

摘要

In this work, we study a fractional two-strain epidemic model with non-monotonic incidence rates, incorporating treatment of each strain. The proposed model consists of six ordinary differential equations describing interactions among the susceptible, exposed, infected and removed individuals. Our first mathematical study focuses of proving the existence and uniqueness of positive solutions. To show the global stability of the model equilibria, suitable Lyapunov functions are used. Numerical simulations are performed to support the analytical results and to show the effect of the fractional derivative on convergence toward equilibria. Moreover, the role of treatment efficiency in minimizing the density of infected individuals is studied.