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Purpose of Review <p>In this review, we summarize sex-based variations in Lipoprotein (a)&#xa0;[Lp(a)] levels, describe their influence on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk over the course of a woman’s lifetime, and examine the implications for tailored prevention and treatment.</p> Recent Findings <p>Factors unique to women include endogenous and exogenous hormonal influences on Lp(a); Lp(a) variations related to the menstrual cycle, fertility treatment, and menopause both natural and surgical; and response to therapies such as proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors.</p> Summary <p>Lp(a) is a genetically determined lipoprotein that has been recognized as a causal risk factor for ASCVD in both men and women. Emerging evidence suggests that elevated Lp(a) confers risk with sex-based differences that have important implications for women, specifically, and may be relevant to risk stratification and personalized treatment approaches.</p>

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Lipoprotein(a)—Investigating Sex-Based Differences Across the Lifespan in Men and Women

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月22日

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  • Stefanie Driesenga,
  • Erin Schikowski,
  • Agnes Koczo,
  • Alisse Hauspurg,
  • Malamo Countouris,
  • Anum Saeed

摘要

Purpose of Review

In this review, we summarize sex-based variations in Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] levels, describe their influence on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk over the course of a woman’s lifetime, and examine the implications for tailored prevention and treatment.

Recent Findings

Factors unique to women include endogenous and exogenous hormonal influences on Lp(a); Lp(a) variations related to the menstrual cycle, fertility treatment, and menopause both natural and surgical; and response to therapies such as proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors.

Summary

Lp(a) is a genetically determined lipoprotein that has been recognized as a causal risk factor for ASCVD in both men and women. Emerging evidence suggests that elevated Lp(a) confers risk with sex-based differences that have important implications for women, specifically, and may be relevant to risk stratification and personalized treatment approaches.