<p>Deoxynivalenol (DON), a trichothecene mycotoxin produced mainly by <i>Fusarium</i> species, is one of the most persistent and widespread contaminants threatening global food and food safety. Its high thermal stability and persistence during food processing contribute to its continued presence in food and feed products, while its frequent co-occurrence with conjugated derivatives complicates accurate quantification and risk assessment. DON exposure poses serious health risks, including gastrointestinal disorders, immunosuppression, and impaired growth, and contributes to substantial economic losses across agricultural supply chains. Conventional chromatographic techniques such as UHPLC and LC–MS remain the cornerstone techniques for DON analysis but face limitations in sensitivity, selectivity, and analytical efficiency when applied to complex food matrices or to DON molecular analogues, such as DON-3-glucoside and acetylated DON (3-AcDON and 15-AcDON). Recent advances have introduced molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) as highly selective, reusable, and environmentally sustainable clean-up tools that outperform traditional immunoaffinity columns. In parallel, innovative biosensing platforms, including lab-on-a-chip devices, electrochemical MIP-based sensors, and CRISPR-based biosensors, are enabling rapid, ultra-sensitive, and field-deployable DON detection. Moreover, emerging detoxification strategies incorporating enzymatic, biological, and nanotechnology-based interventions are demonstrating strong potential to reduce DON levels while preserving nutritional quality. This review consolidates these cutting-edge trends, highlighting their promise to transform DON surveillance from centralised, labour-intensive testing to real-time, sustainable, point-of-need monitoring that strengthens food safety and regulatory compliance worldwide. </p>

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Integrated Advanced Technologies for the Analysis of Deoxynivalenol in Contaminated Food & Feed: Recent Trends and Future Perspectives

  • M. A. Diab,
  • Heba A. El-Sabban,
  • Sajid Ali,
  • Youngsoo Kim

摘要

Deoxynivalenol (DON), a trichothecene mycotoxin produced mainly by Fusarium species, is one of the most persistent and widespread contaminants threatening global food and food safety. Its high thermal stability and persistence during food processing contribute to its continued presence in food and feed products, while its frequent co-occurrence with conjugated derivatives complicates accurate quantification and risk assessment. DON exposure poses serious health risks, including gastrointestinal disorders, immunosuppression, and impaired growth, and contributes to substantial economic losses across agricultural supply chains. Conventional chromatographic techniques such as UHPLC and LC–MS remain the cornerstone techniques for DON analysis but face limitations in sensitivity, selectivity, and analytical efficiency when applied to complex food matrices or to DON molecular analogues, such as DON-3-glucoside and acetylated DON (3-AcDON and 15-AcDON). Recent advances have introduced molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) as highly selective, reusable, and environmentally sustainable clean-up tools that outperform traditional immunoaffinity columns. In parallel, innovative biosensing platforms, including lab-on-a-chip devices, electrochemical MIP-based sensors, and CRISPR-based biosensors, are enabling rapid, ultra-sensitive, and field-deployable DON detection. Moreover, emerging detoxification strategies incorporating enzymatic, biological, and nanotechnology-based interventions are demonstrating strong potential to reduce DON levels while preserving nutritional quality. This review consolidates these cutting-edge trends, highlighting their promise to transform DON surveillance from centralised, labour-intensive testing to real-time, sustainable, point-of-need monitoring that strengthens food safety and regulatory compliance worldwide.